A Collection of Examples of 64-bit Errors in Real Programs

[NO-MERCY]

A Collection of Examples of 64-bit Errors in Real Programs

Example 1. Buffer overflow

Example 2. Unnecessary type conversions

Example 3. Incorrect #ifdef's

Example 4. Confusion of int and int*

Example 5. Using deprecated (obsolete) functions

Example 6. Truncation of values at an implicit type conversion

Example 7. Undefined functions in C

Example 8. Remains of dinosaurs in large and old programs

Example 9. Virtual functions

Example 10. Magic constants as parameters

Example 11. Magic constants denoting size

Example 12. Stack overflow

Example 13. A function with a variable number of arguments and buffer overflow

Example 14. A function with a variable number of arguments and wrong format

Example 15. Storing integer values in double

Example 16. Address arithmetic. A + B != A - (-

Example 17. Address arithmetic. Signed and unsigned types.

Example 18. Address arithmetic. Overflows.

Example 19. Changing an array's type

Example 20. Wrapping a pointer in a 32-bit type

Example 21. Memsize-types in unions

Example 22. An infinity loop

Example 23. Bit operations and NOT operation

Example 24. Bit operations, offsets

Example 25. Bit operations and sign extension

Example 26. Serialization and data exchange

Example 27. Changes in type alignment

Example 28. Type alignments and why you mustn't write sizeof(x) + sizeof(y)

Example 29. Overloaded functions

Example 30. Errors in 32-bit units working in WoW64

Abstract

This article is the most complete collection of examples of 64-bit errors in the C and C++ languages. The article is intended for Windows-application developers who use Visual C++, however, it will be useful for other programmers as well.

Introduction

Our company OOO "Program Verification Systems" develops a special static analyzer Viva64 that detects 64-bit errors in the code of C/C++ applications. During this development process we constantly enlarge our collection of examples of 64-bit defects, so we decided to gather the most interesting ones in this article. Here you will find examples both taken directly from the code of real applications and composed synthetically relying on real code since such errors are too "extended" throughout the native code.

The article only demonstrates various types of 64-bit errors and does not describe methods of detecting and preventing them. If you want to know how to diagnose and fix defects in 64-bit programs, please see the following sources:

Lessons on development of 64-bit C/C++ applications [1];

About size_t and ptrdiff_t [2];

20 issues of porting C++ code on the 64-bit platform [3];

PVS-Studio Tutorial [4];

A 64-bit horse that can count [5].

You may also try the demo version of the PVS-Studio tool that includes the Viva64 static code analyzer which detects almost all the errors described in this article. The demo version of the tool can be downloaded here.

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Regards

Source : http://www.viva64.com/en/a/0065/

29.06.2010 by : Andrey Karpov