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Or anything new will not open, but as a useful tip to create vpn own hands will be useful. The generation of certificates and keys are not considered, the key can be a maximum length of 4096. Configuration for Linux: Settings for OpenVZ host machine. If you do not have access to the hypervisor, you can skip block OpenVZ-HN CTID = 101 $ vzctl set CTID --devnodes net / TUN: rw --save vzctl set $ CTID --devices C: 10: 200: rw --save vzctl set $ CTID --capability net_admin: on --save vzctl Exec $ mkdir -p CTID / dev / net vzctl Exec $ CTID mknod / dev / net / TUN C 10,200 vzctl exec $ CTID chmod 600 / dev / net / tun Proxy, Socks, which help the user to maintain their anonymity online. What is it for a single user - the reasons may be many, at the same time we will not focus. Consider the process of creating OpenVPN-server, which is connected with another OpenVPN-server, wherein the user traffic goes through the first server, then the second and further to have the desired resource. Traffic returns the chain into the same sequence in reverse. Many owners of such a scheme called her «double» (double) OpenVPN. Schematically, such a scheme can be displayed as follows: Client -> OpenVPN-server_1 -> OpenVPN-server_2 -> Internet Return traffic on the reverse pattern: Client <- OpenVPN-server_1 <- OpenVPN-server_2 <- Internet to create such a scheme requires two VPS / VDS (as a rule, VDS is used for large loads (volume of traffic)). At the same time, if it is used with the type of VPS OpenVZ virtualization or other, in which containers of virtual machines share a common nucleus of the host system, you must check with the host, whether to enable the module loading tun for virtual machines. The implementation of the scheme involves the connection setup via the OpenVPN client and OpenVPN-Server 1, between the two OpenVPN-Server, configure NAT on the OpenVPN-Server 2 and the routing configuration on the two OpenVPN-servers. Set on both servers OpenVPN. Let us, for example, the installation process for OS CentOS. In the standard repositories CentOS openvpn package is missing, so connect the appropriate sources (consider arhiterkutu version and OS) rpm -ihv [URL='http://mirror.yandex.ru/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-7.noarch.rpm']http://mirror.yandex...-6-7.noarch.rpm[/URL] rpm -ihv [URL='http://centos.alt.ru/repository/centos/6/x86_64/centalt-release-6-1.noarch.rpm']http://centos.alt.ru...-6-1.noarch.rpm[/URL] Install OpenVPN yum -y install openvpn Check whether the module is loaded tun lsmod | grep tun If the output of the previous command is empty Loading tun module modprobe tun How to organize the automatic download OpenVPN and tun module at startup depends on the operating system, in this case, CentOS chkconfig openvpn on To create a connection between two servers using the settings OpenVPN point-to-point. To do this, OpenVPN-Server 2 /etc/openvpn/server.conf create a configuration file with this content: dev tun proto tcp-server ifconfig 10.0.2.1 10.0.2.2 tls-server comp-lzo daemon ca /etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/keys/dh1024.pem tls-auth /etc/openvpn/keys/tls.key 0 cipher AES-256-CBC port 1195 user nobody group nobody max-clients 1 persist-key persist-tun verb 3 status /var/log/openvpn/openvpn-status.log log-append /var/log/openvpn/openvpn.log script-security system 3 route-up "ip route add 10.0.1.0/24 via 10.0.2.2 dev tun0" Keys and certificates that are located in the / etc / openvpn / keys / create according to the FAQ from the developers of OpenVPN using easy-rsa. The contents of the command route-up depends on the customer's network configuration and connection settings between servers. Turn forwarding packets. To /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward value changes from 0 to 1 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 Loading variables from the updated kernel sysctl.conf file sysctl -p Also on the second server is configured NAT using iptables: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING --src 10.0.1.0/24 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source 1.1.1.1, where 1.1.1.1 - external IP server 2. On the first server and install OpenVPN and create a configuration file vi /etc/openvpn/s2s.conf: dev tun0 remote 1.1.1.1 port 1195 proto tcp-client ifconfig 10.0.2.2 10.0.2.1 tls-client comp-lzo daemon script-security system 3 ns-cert-type server ca /etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/keys/s2s.crt key /etc/openvpn/keys/s2s.key dh /etc/openvpn/keys/dh1024.pem tls-auth /etc/openvpn/keys/tls.key 1 cipher AES-256-CBC user nobody group nobody persist-key persist-tun verb 3 route-up "ip route add default via 10.0.2.1 dev tun0 table 10 && ip rule add from 10.0.1.0/24 lookup pref 10 10" mute 10 status /var/log/openvpn/openvpn-status.log log-append /var/log/openvpn/openvpn.log Also includes the forwarding of packets. Configuring OpenVPN-Server 1 for connecting clients. To do this, create a configuration file /etc/openvpn/server.conf: port 1194 local 2.2.2.2 proto tcp dev tun1 server 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 ca /etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/keys/dh1024.pem tls-auth /etc/openvpn/keys/tls.key 0 cipher AES-256-CBC user nobody group nobody status /var/log/openvpn/openvpnserver-status.log log-append /var/log/openvpn/openvpnserver.log verb 3 max-clients 30 keepalive 10 120 tls-server comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun push "redirect-gateway def1" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" Certificates and keys for client connections also create according FAQ from the developers OpenVPN using easy-rsa. After the settings on each server run OpenVPN /etc/init.d/openvpn start If the launch fails, look in the error log files and eliminate them. To be able to connect to the client requires the following files: ca.crt client01.crt client01.key dh1024.pem tls.key need to pass them along with the configuration parameters. On the client side in Depending on the OS you need to perform these actions. For OS linux: Install openvpn. Check whether the module is loaded tun. Create a configuration file /etc/openvpn/client01.conf client remote 2.2.2.2 1194 proto tcp dev tun ca ca.crt dh dh1024.pem cert client01.crt key client01.key tls-auth tls.key 1 cipher AES-256-CBC verb 3 mute 20 keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun resolv-retry infinite nobind Copy the files (ca.crt, client01.crt, client01.key, dh1024.pem, tls.key) in the / etc / openvpn /. Zapusit openvpn: /etc/init.d/openvpn start Check to see if the interface tun0. For Windows: Install OpenVPN to windosw ( OpenVPN - Open Source VPN ). Copy the files (ca.crt, client01.crt, client01.key, dh1024.pem, tls.key) in C: \ Program Files \ OpenVPN \ config \ client01. In the same directory create a configuration file client01.ovpn (identical in content with client01.conf for linux). Connect. Once connected, check how is the traffic. Both servers must appear in the track: traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 10.1.0.1 (10.1.0.1) 165.178 ms 329.870 ms 329.807 ms 2 10.2.0.1 (10.2.0.1) 493,908 ms 658.640 ms 824.653 ms Configuration for FreeBSD : ########################### #Server #FREEDBSD - Openvpn config, redirect traffic ########################### dev ovpns2 # - interface name dev-type tun # - type tun / tap (tun faster) tun-ipv6 dev-node / dev / tun2 # - device name writepid /var/run/openvpn_server2.pid # - where to put the process #user nobody # - from any user to run #group nobody # - from a group run script-security 3 daemon # - work as a service keepalive 10 60 # - how to keep the connection if fallen off ping-timer-rem persist-tun persist-key proto tcp-server # - on which protocol to use tcp / udp (here TCP) cipher AES-128-CBC # - any type of encryption that is available to the system (openvpn --show-ciphers) up / usr / local / sbin / ovpn-linkup down / usr / local / sbin / ovpn-linkdown local xxxx # - static external address tls-server # - used tls encryption server 172.172.11.0 255.255.255.0 # - what subnet used inside the tunnel client-config-dir / var / etc / openvpn-csc # - Client Configuration (ccd in Linux) lport # 443 - the port on which the VPN server will be available for a connection management /var/etc/openvpn/server2.sock unix # - process control and monitoring connections max-clients # 2 - the maximum number of clients push "dhcp-option DNS 192.168.1.1" # - dns server sends to the client push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" push "redirect-gateway def1" # - sends the client the default gateway, which is the server itself client-to-client # - allow communication between clients (for example between two RDP client connection) ca /var/etc/openvpn/server2.ca # - key server cert /var/etc/openvpn/server2.cert # - server certificate key /var/etc/openvpn/server2.key # - key dh /etc/dh-parameters.1024 # - dh comp-lzo # - traffic compression persist-remote-ip float push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0" # - adds the route in the network where the server itself server-poll-timeout 20 # - connection time (20 seconds if the client does not connect it resets) IMPORTANT: For the initial setup required logs after they can be turned off. With logs: status openvpn-status.log log /var/log/openvpn.log verb 3 mute 20 Without logs: log / dev / null Have fun..

ce pot face cu un account pppoe de la net ?

Salut , mi-am luat astazi un laptop HP 15-g010sq, am instalat windows 8.1 pe el si nu reusesc sa ma conectez la net nici pe wifi nici prin cablu direct , cand bag cablue apare , limited si daca ii dau troubleshoot imi apare "ethernet doesn't have a valid ip configuration"

Salut,ofer peste 15.000 mail-uri valide din Romania pe un domeniu .ro,.com,.net,.org,.eu,.biz.,ws,.in

CIne are un flood de picat net de pe linux??

Am avut ocazia sa experimentez cu conexiunile a multor utilizatori RDS si Romtelecom din diverse orase si am descoperit unele setari ce pot creste viteza de download in mod semnificativ (uneori dubland-o) Urmeaza instructiunile pentru a optimiza. Procedurile de mai jos sunt simple si nu implica absolut NICIUN FEL de risc. In niciun caz nu va merge mai prost dupa efectuarea lor. Instructiunile pot fi urmate si de utilizatorii a altor furnizori de internet.Eu am dat drumul la descarcat un fisier si il descarcam cu 80-90 kb dupa aceste satari acelasi film dupa acelasi host l-am descarcat cu viteza de 150-180 kb... INSTRUCTIUNI PENTRU OPTIMIZARE: 1. Descarcam acest fisier TCPOptimizer 2. Bifam Optimal Settings jos 3. Bifam 2 lucruri: Modify All Network Adapters si bifam PPPoE 4. Dam click pe Apply Changes 5. Click pe OK 6. Click pe Da sau Yes Restart este NECESAR ca noile setari din registri sa fie luate in considerare. Dupa ce calculatorul a restartat, am terminat treaba. Explicatii... Dupa cum multi bine stiti, rdslink creeaza o conectiune PPPoE. Acest protocol este ceva mai deosebit. Are unele caracteristici care il deosebesc de un simplu LAN/Ethernet. Windows 2000 si XP, desi superioare fata de 98/ME in implementarea lor de networking, sunt totusi configurate sa mearga mai bine pe Ethernet, nu pe conexiuni de tip DSL sau PPPoE. Cred ca parametrul care conteaza cel mai mult este MTU (maximum transmission unit), adica marimea maxima a unui pachet individual in bytes ce e transmis pe retea. Asa ca pachetele sunt fragmentate atunci cand depasesc aceasta marime. Cu cat MTU este mai mare, cu atat obtinem viteza mai mare, fiindca mai putine pachete sunt fragmentate, mai putine sunt trimise, deci overheadul scade. MTU pentru o conexiune de tip ethernet este 1500. Pentru PPPoE ea nu poate fi mai mare de 1492, deoarece protocolul PPPoE se foloseste de Ethernet si mai mananca si el 8 bytes pentru treburile lui. Apar 2 probleme in Windows 2000/XP legate de MTU. Prima este ca in general, Windows seteaza MTU la conexiunile PPPoE cu valoare de 1480, ceea ce e sub 1492, deci nu exploateaza tot posibilul. A 2a este ca placa Ethernet este setata cu MTU de 1500, iar cea PPPoE cu un MTU mai mic. Deci mai ales daca avem un router, noi trimitem pachete de 1500 bytes spre router, insa routerul trebuie sa le fragmenteze la 1492, ceea ce creeaza o ineficienta uriasa. Nu stiu daca acest lucru se aplica si atunci cand calculatorul e direct conectat la rdslink, insa am observat aceleasi diferente de viteza. Cam asta e explicatia. Nu am studiat teoria prea mult, insa rezultatele da. Atentie = Functioneaza si pe Internet mobil de la provideri de telefonie mobila...