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Windows and linux...sh`t

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Registry

Display a banner each time Windows boots

Start -> Run

Type regedit

Go to the key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionWinLogon

Create a new string value in the right pane named LegalNoticeCaption and enter the value that you want to see in the menubar

Create a new string value and name it LegalNoticeText. Modify it and insert the message you want to display each time Windows boots.

Windows

Shutting down Windows the fastest way

Start -> Run

Type rundll.exe user.exe,exitwindows

Internet Explorer

Your browser logo shows something other than the IE logo. Maybe you have installed your ISP software and you have a different logo on the top right. How do you remove it?

Close all browser windows

Start -> Run

Type RunDLL32.EXE IEdkcs32.dll,Clear

Click on OK, and start Internet Explorer. You should find the old spinning IE logo.

Linux

General Commands

How to write a boot image from your hard disk to a floppy

Put a blank floppy into the drive, go to the boot image directory and type

dd if=boot.img of=/dev/fd0

How to copy the boot image from your hard disk to a floppy

Put the boot floppy into the drive and type

dd if=/dev/fd0 of=floppy.img

How to search for a file arul.jpg recursively in your Unix account

find ~/ -name "arul.jpg"

How to display all the processes running on the host

ps -af

How to check the current quota and tell how much you have used

quota

How to check disk space in a directory (say /usr)

du -s -H /usr

How to report size (in kBytes) of all enclosed directories (recursive)

du -k

How to report size (in kBytes) of all enclosed directories (non-recursive)

du -ms *

How to list login IDs of users currently logged in to the system

users

How to change the permanent information kept by the system about your logon ID

chfn

Administrator commands

access a windows (only FAT or FAT32) partition (say hda2) under linux

mount -t vfat /dev/hda2 /win

allow root user and other users(where user id=500) to get rw permission for that windows partition

mount -t vfat -o uid=500 /dev/hda2 /win

list all device files corresponding to hda

fdisk -l /dev/hda

track down symbolic links, for example, to see where xterm points to

namei /usr/X11/bin/xterm

print Linux version information

uname -r

measure hard disk speed

hdparm -tT /dev/hda

print hardware summary

more /proc/cpuinfo

check inode usage of all mounted partitions

df -i

monitoring the system for the growth of a file

tail -f /var/log/messages

RPM commands

install an rpm package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)

rpm -ivh foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm

uninstall an rpm package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)

rpm -e foo

upgrade an rpm package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)

rpm -Uvh foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm

query the rpm package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)

rpm -q foo

display all the installed rpm packages

rpm -qa

display all the installed rpm packages having string "yahoo"

rpm -qa | grep -i "yahoo"

query the rpm package owning file, say ls

rpm -qf /bin/ls

display the rpm package information (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)

rpm -qi foo

query a specific rpm package (whether installed or not)

rpm -qp foo.bar

check an rpm signature package (foo-1.0-2.i386.rpm)

rpm --checksig foo

Switching from Lilo to Windows boot loader

Login as root by entering:

su

Then edit /etc/lilo.conf by entering:

emacs /etc/lilo.conf

If you use any other editor, use it instead of emacs.

Insert the line

default=windows

First make sure you have the following lines in your lilo.conf

other = /dev/hda1

label = windows

After that, effect the changes by entering:

lilo

Essential emacs commands

FILE AND BUFFERS

C-x C-f Find or Create file

C-x C-s Save file

C-x C-w Write to new filename (it prompts you)

C-x C-b Lists buffers

C-x C-c Quit emacs

COMMAND RELATED

ESC ESC ESC Cancelling whatever I am doing

C-g Abort command (like Ctrl C)

C-_ or C-x u Undo/Redo (toggles)

C-z Suspend (to return, type %emacs)

A-x Run any command

CUTTING COPYING AND PASTING

C-k Cut text from cursor to end of line

C-y Paste text

C-space Mark the start for the block

C-w Mark the end of the block and CUT it

A-w Mark the end of the block and COPY it

FIND REPLACE a STRING

A-x replace-string ENTER String replace from cursor to end of buffer

A-x query-replace ENTER String replace with querying

A-% Search and replace (press y when prompted)

A-x grep ENTER Perform a 'grep' search

SCROLLING AND WINDOWS

C-x 1 One window on current buffer

C-x 2 Split window horizontally

C-x 3 Split window vertically

C-x o Shift between windows

C-x 0 Close current window

C-v Go forward one screen

A-v Go backward one screen

CURSOR MOVEMENT

A-v Beginning of buffer

C-v End of buffer

C-a Beginning of line

C-e End of line

A-f Forward one word

A-b Back one word

MORE

A-x what-line ENTER Display current line number

A-< C-u 20 C-n Go to line number 20

FTP (file transfer protocol)

This is mostly used to copy files between computers. It doesn't support compression. It is also not encrypted. This is how to transfer files.

To connect to foo.com

ftp foo.com

You will have to enter your username and password when prompted.

If the file being transferred is a binary file (yes, PDF and PS are binary files), type the following.

binary

To upload your file wolf.pdf to the directory in foo.com

cd /home/arul/backup

put wolf.pdf

To download the file arul.ps from the directory in foo.com

get arul.ps

If you have multiple files, use mget instead of get and mput instead of put.

To quit, type bye. This is just the basic file transfer using http://FTP. To check all the options using FTP, type man ftp from your shell prompt.by mc1

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