Nytro

Pare sa aiba probleme psihice. De remarcat lenjeria de pat roz.

Invasion of Privacy Un articol care poate va da putin de gandit, legat de ce informatii oferiti pe Internet despre voi. UPDATE (1/12/2011): I received an email from Steve regarding this post. He sincerely apologized for his actions and realized now that what he did was wrong and simply asked that I modify the post to protect the identities of his family. I felt that this was a fair request, considering that his family had nothing to do with what Steve did and it doesn’t jeopardize the impact of the article. So, if you’re wondering why you’re seeing all the “[withheld]“‘s, that’s why! PS – Yes, I realize the names are still shown in the images, but they’re not indexed by Google. I figured I’d point this out before I had 20,000 comments informing me of it. END OF UPDATE DISCLAIMER: This is ABSOLUTELY for informational purposes ONLY. attackvector.org nor I will be held responsible for how you choose to use the information that I post on my blog. This individual, though he is a douche for sending spam, is a real person with a real life. By misusing the information found here, you have the power to potentially destroy someones real life. There’s a fine line between a legal hack and a felony. Information gathering is not illegal so long as it’s obtained through legal means. Using the information, however, is quite another story. UPDATE: Because of something that one of my readers brought up, I want to clarify. The email that I received was not the run of the mill malware/spambot/whatever style email. The email was coming from his email address, using his business’s name, and advertising his business. I would have never posted this had I had any doubt that this may not have actually been sent, by him, in some fashion. END OF DISCLAIMER. I use spammers and pedophiles as test subjects when I’m working on something. This is mostly because it’s unlikely that they would go to the authorities and point the finger at me, knowing that I could easily turn around and say something to the effect of, “Well, yes I did pwn his box.. but you should have seen all the child porn I found on it.” owned x 2. I happened to receive a piece of spam at the exact moment as I was going to start a post about privacy and anonyminity on the internet. I will consider this to be a sign from God that this dude needed to be set straight. Okay, maybe not. I’m not sure what the bible says about spam.. but if I were God, it would be into the pits of hell for them. So, since I cannot cast people into eternal suffering in a firey pit, I will have to settle for second best. Pwnage! Whats even better, none of what I’m about to do is illegal. It’s a serious, serious invasion of privacy, and you definitely don’t want it to happen to you, but all of it can be harvested through public record, social networks, forum posts, etc etc etc. First, lets take a look at the email that I received. ..snip.. Received: from unknown (HELO p3pismtp01-017.prod.phx3.secureserver.net) ([10.6.12.17]) (envelope-sender ) by p3plsmtp09-04.prod.phx3.secureserver.net (qmail-1.03) with SMTP for ; 7 May 2010 01:05:53 -0000 X-IronPort-Anti-Spam-Result: AjYCAOP/4kvYI8QXnGdsb2JhbACeChUBAQEBAQgLCAkRIrxZgmCCMwSDQQ Received: from server299.com ([216.35.196.23]) by p3pismtp01-017.prod.phx3.secureserver.net with ESMTP; 06 May 2010 17:58:47 -0700 Received: (qmail 10509 invoked by uid 3287); 7 May 2010 00:58:46 -0000 Received: from 67.185.122.64 (SquirrelMail authenticated user steve) by www.barteritemsfortrade.com with HTTP; ..snip.. Ok, so, his email address is steve@barteritemsfortrade.com.. he’s sending email through server299.com.. and his real IP address is 67.185.122.64. All we really need is his email address and his IP. Lets see what we can find. Non-authoritative answer: 64.122.185.67.in-addr.arpa name = c-67-185-122-64.hsd1.wa.comcast.net. Now we know that he’s connecting from Washington (wa.comcast.net). Lets see what Geo IP location says. I use this service, but there are many others. I’ve also written a few tools to do this as well, but we’re going to use what the average Joe has access to. Just put the IP address in the box and hit “search”. Here’s what we find. Region: Washington City: Spokane Postal code: 99205 So, we’re narrowing it down.. we now know that it’s Spokane, Washington. Now we’re going to take a look at his email address. First, obviously, just google the email address. This will bring up information for virtually anything that the person has ever used their email on. Forums, social networks, etc. In this case, however, nothing came up on google. We must dig deeper. Enter, whois! BIZ TWO, LLC PO Box 8421 Spokane, Washington 99203 United States Biz two? Does that mean there is a Biz One and a Biz Three, perhaps? Also, he’s using a PO Box.. blah. ..snip.. Administrative Contact: Nicholas, Steve steve@bestimpressionz.com ..snip.. (509) 283-7030 Fax — (509) 456-3813 ..snip.. Jackpot! We now have a last name and a phone number. We also have an additional email address/domain. Administrative Contact: Your Logo Here snicho@juno.com 139 west 30th Avenue Spokane, WA 99203 US 509-456-3813 fax: 509-456-3813 Hmm.. a real address.. no PO box on this domain. Is that an office? A house? Is it his house? I can assume that ‘snicho’ is short for ‘steve nicholas’, and it’s the administrative contact, which means he owns the domain.. so the address has something to do with him. Enter.. Google Maps. (If you’re wonder why it says “140 west 30th” and not “139 west 30th”, it’s because I slid the camera down a bit and Google tried to be helpful by changing the address) Well, it’s definitely not an office building, so at this point I’m going to assume that it’s his house until I find out differently. We can further verify this by googling his name + city + state. That address looks rather familiar… oh yeah, it’s the address that was associated with his domain. We can be virtually certain at this point that that is his real address and house. Lets see who else lives in the house with him – just google the phone number listed. Ok, so, [withheld] has the same last name as Steve, so I think we can safely say that this is his wife. We’ll come back to her later. Lets see what else we can find about Steve.. I’m really starting to feel like family at this point. Back when I googled his name + city + state, I noticed that below the address result, there was a LinkedIn page.. lets check that out. Ok, so there’s all sorts of useful information.. but I found another email address.. steve.nicholas@itex.net Not often do I meet someone with as many email addresses as me.. lol. So, back up to the top, we google for steve.nicholas@itex.net. Some interesting stuff, but nothing really useful for my purposes. Lets check out Facebook and see if he’s a social butterfly. I log in and “search for friends” and enter his email address(es). His account is registered with the itex.net email address. He doesn’t have his Facebook stuff set to private, so he’s kind of letting it all hang out. Thanks, Steve! Yawn. The only thing interesting there, is that we’ve now definitely verified that that address is correct and that his wife’s name is definitely [withheld]. Maybe her page is more interesting.. lets look Note: Passwords.. by building a profile of someone, you begin to get a feel of who they really are. I’m willing to bet that at least one of Steve’s passwords has something to do with fishing, trout, or cutthroats (type of trout – according to his facebook page). [withheld]‘s Facebook: I teach 7th & 8th graders at Salk Middle School in Spokane WA. I married Steve 27 years ago and we have 2 daughters, [withheld] and [withheld]. [withheld] married [withheld (both first & last name)] 2 years ago and they are expecting their first child in March. [withheld] is an attorney and [withheld] is a special education teacher. [withheld] is living in Las Vegas where she teaches special education to preschoolers and kindergarten. We have an awesome family!!!! Here’s something to take a mental note of. Women are generally more open about their personal lives and love to share with others. In one paragraph, we learn that she teaches at Salk Middle School, they’ve been married for 27 years, they have 2 daughters, [withheld] and [withheld], [withheld] is married to [withheld (both first & last name)] (note – this probably means that [withheld] is no longer [withheld] Nicholas, she’s probably [withheld (both first & last name)]). [withheld] lives in Vegas. How ever would we find out more information about [withheld] and [withheld]? Oh yeah, friends lists. If the parents have Facebook, the kids most certainly have Facebook.. and barring any family drama, they’ll all be on each others friends lists. And, of course, I’m right.. found [withheld], [withheld], and [withheld]. Also, going through her wall posts gave up some information. They’re new grandparents.. their grandaughter [withheld] was born on March 15th.. this was [withheld] and [withheld]‘s daughter. Now, lets see what Intelius says about [withheld] (note – I skipped Steve on Intelius because his entry is all screwed up.) Now we have ages, too. It’s interesting that there’s a “Ralph Steve Nicholas” listed, who has the same age as the other two Steve’s listed. Could Steve’s real name be Ralph?? Ok, anyway, lets see what I can find out about their house. Just about every county in the country allows you to view property tax records on the internet. I googled “spokane washington property tax records”. What you’re looking for is like, the assessor’s home page then just punch in the address and you can find a wealth of information. What this record tells us, is that [withheld] actually owns the home.. Steve isn’t even listed. She’s also the sole person listed paying the property taxes. Interesting.. I wonder why? Also, further down on the report, there’s two documents. A quit claim deed, and a statutory warranty deed. A warranty deed is issued in some states when a house is sold. It protects the buyer from having third parties come after them for unpaid debts and whatever. So, it appears as though they bought the house in 2001 for $110,000? Seems awfully low. Now, lets look at the quit claim deed. First thing I notice. R Steve Nicholas is listed as “Husband of Grantee” I think Steve’s real name is Ralph. lol. This is interesting.. quit claim deeds are used after a divorce to switch the owner of a property from one party to another at the county level. But they’re still married. The other times that I’ve seen quit claim deeds used is when people encounter serious financial trouble and need to file bankruptcy. They file independently and deed the house to their spouse. Lets find out! I am not going to tell you what service I use to obtain this information because I don’t want it to get abused and taken away. Also, I don’t think everyone should have access to it. SO. 91-40727 Ralph Steven Nicholas and [withheld (first & middle name)] Nicholas Case type: bk Chapter: 7 Asset: No Vol: v Judge: John C. Minahan Jr. Date filed: 05/08/1991 Date of last filing: 02/11/1993 Date terminated: 02/11/1993 Ok, so they did a joint bankruptcy in ’91 and it was discharged in ’93. I also have a list of their creditors.. no wonder they filed bankruptcy. Ouch. One other piece of information that this offers, is previous addresses and the last 4 digits of their social security numbers. Keep in mind, a lot of people use the last 4 digits of their social for pin numbers.. because most pin numbers are limited to 4 digits. Stupid. UPDATE: I’ve decided to X out the social security numbers because this post is starting to receive a ton of traffic and I’m not sure I want everyone visiting it to have this information. My intention of this article is not to make it easy to steal this guys identity.. it’s to point out a vulnerability. If you really want to find his social security number, lets just say.. it’s available via the internet. Debtor Ralph Steven Nicholas 6747 Crooked Creek Dr. Lincoln, NE 68516 SSN / ITIN: xxx-xx-xxxx Debtor [withheld (first & middle name)] Nicholas 6747 Crooked Creek Dr. Lincoln, NE 68516 SSN / ITIN: xxx-xx-xxxx Here’s something to really think about.. I was able to obtain all of the information in this post for 16 cents and by just using an email and IP address from a piece of spam. Family members, ages, schools, anniversary dates, marriage lengths, hobbies, interests, phone numbers, addresses, property records, property taxes, pictures of their house, pictures of them, pictures of their children and grandchildren, deeds on their house, bankruptcies, employment history, previous addresses, previous creditors, and bits of social security numbers. I’m pretty sure I’d be able to fake my way through one of those password reset forms.. you know, where you set up a “secret question” asking what your dogs name was, or where you went to school? Beyond that, I’m fairly confident that at this point, if I were to call his bank and pretend to be him, I could easily pass when they asked me personal questions. In closing.. you really need to pay close attention to what you’re posting on the internet. If I were a douche, I could ruin this guys life using this information. There are a lot of douches out there that are doing this type of stuff right now. Given an email address, phone number, or whatever, they build profiles on people which can be used to exploit them and steal identities. The other thing that I’ve actually fallen victim to, is the speed of Google’s spiders and the fact that they index Craigslist. Lets say you run a business.. Catholic Charities R Us and in this post, you include an email address, phone number, something. Lets say you also make a post, days, weeks, whatever, later looking for whores, or something. Both of those posts will come up when Googling for your phone number. Also, consider what you’re sending in this email. What if this guy had sent me an email trying to extort me, threaten me, whatever? I could turn this over to the authorities and they’d have their work cut out for them. Not to try to scare people too much, but think about single women in the dating scene. They make a post somewhere with their email address and someone comes across it and is able to determine the same amount of information about them as what I did above? What if that person was more interested in something other than identity theft? I think you get the idea.. essentially.. guard your personal information with your life. Never post your phone number on the internet (unless you’re using a proxy number, which is what I do), and make sure no personal information is associated with your email address before you go firing off emails to strangers. Sursa: Invasion of Privacy. | Attack Vector

COMODO Internet Security 5 Pro – un an licenta GRATUITA By Radu FaraVirusi(com) on May 5, 2011 COMODO Internet Security 5 este un produs complet de securitate, care exceleaza la capitolul Firewall si protectie proactiva, blocand mereu 100% virusii in testele av-test.org. Versiunea Pro aduce in plus cateva elemente, fiind $49.99/an: Remote Security & System Support $500 Virus-Free Guarantee* $15,000 Identity Protection Coverage* Acum il puteti avea GRATUIT timp de un an printr-o promotie speciala, accesand link-ul de mai jos: http://download.comodo.com/cis/download/installs/1000/standalone/cispro_1year_installer.exe Sursa: http://www.faravirusi.com/2011/05/05/comodo-internet-security-5-pro-un-an-licenta-gratuita/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+Intr-oLumePlinaDeVirusi+%28Intr-o+lume+PLINA+DE+VIRUSI...%29&utm_content=FaceBook

Apple iOS 4.3.3 – gata cu spionajul pe telefoanele iPhone 05 mai 2011 | 15:26 Aurelian Mihai Apple iOS 4.3.3 este gata de download prin serviciul iTunes. Actualizarea remediaz? o problem? grav? legat? de modul în care dispozitivele Apple p?streaz? coordonatele loca?iilor vizitate de utilizatori de-a lungul timpului ?i gestioneaz? baza de date care con?ine toate aceste informa?ii. Dup? ce a stârnit un adev?rat scandal pentru modul grosolan în care compromite intimitatea utilizatorilor, l?sând practic la îndemâna oricui informa?ii pre?ioase despre obiceiurile ?i loca?iile vizitate de posesorii telefoanelor iPhone ?i teblete iPad 3G, Apple a implementat în sfâr?it un mecanism de protec?ie a arhivei care con?ine aceste informa?ii, bazat pe un sistem de criptare care împiedic? extragerea informa?iilor de c?tre persoane neautorizate. Mai mult decât atât, fi?ierul consolidated.db nu mai este copiat în calculator la fiecare sincronizare f?cut? prin iTunes, reducând ?i mai mult riscul de a l?sa în urm? informa?ii pre?ioase, stocate pe harddisk-ul unui calculator la care pot avea acces ?i alte persoare. Dac? alegem s? dezactiv?m complet func?ia Location Services, fi?ierul consolidated.db este ?ters din memoria telefonului, oprind complet înregistrarea de informa?ii care ar putea servi la stabilirea unui itinerariu cu toate loca?iile vizitate în ultima perioad? de posesorul telefonului iPhone sau tableta iPad 3G. Cea mai nou? versiune a sistemului de operare iOS con?ine ?i optimiz?ri pentru îmbun?t??irea autonomiei bateriei, aduse în urma problemelor semnalate de utilizatori înc? de la lansarea iOS 4. Sursa: Apple iOS 4.3.3

CSS Basics You’ve heard the buzz about the seperation of style from content, but you are stuck in the world of nested tables and deprecated markup. If so, you have come to the right place! Using CSS to style your (X)HTML files, will benefit you and your visitors in many ways. Chapter 1 : Introduction to CSS Chapter 2 : CSS Syntax Chapter 3 : CSS Classes Chapter 4 : CSS IDs Chapter 5 : CSS Divisions Chapter 6 : CSS Spans Chapter 7 : CSS Margins Chapter 8 : CSS Padding Chapter 9 : CSS Text Properties Chapter 10 : CSS Font Properties Chapter 11 : CSS Anchors, Links and Pseudo Classes Chapter 12 : CSS Backgrounds Chapter 13 : CSS Borders Chapter 14 : CSS Lists Chapter 15 : CSS Width and Height Properties Chapter 16 : CSS Classification Chapter 17 : CSS Positioning Chapter 18 : CSS Pseudo Elements Download all chapters Download: http://www.cssbasics.com/full.pdf Online: http://www.cssbasics.com/

Analysis of the Ext2fs structure Louis-Dominique Dubeau Introduction Blocks and Fragments Groups Superblock Group Descriptors Bitmaps Inodes Directories Allocation algorithms Error Handling Formulae Invariants File Invariants File System Invariants References Concept Index Online: http://www.nondot.org/sabre/os/files/FileSystems/ext2fs/

Iptables-tutorial The aim of the iptables-tutorial is to explain iptables in a complete and simple way. The iptables-tutorial is currently rather stable, and contains information on all the currently available matches and targets (in kernel), as well as a couple of complete example scripts and explanations. It contains a complete section on iptables syntax, as well as other interesting commands such as iptables-save and iptables-restore. The tutorial was under heavy scrutiny and updating, as can be seen in the latest version of the tutorial. It was available in bookform from Lulu.com for a brief period of time. However due to too much technical problems and the time it took to correct all the “errors” according to Lulu, I decided it simply wasn’t worth it at the time (this might change at some point, but not likely). For example, I had a conversion error between different types of points leading to my pages being 0.03 inches too small on the height and 0.01 inches too small on the width, and because of that they refused to handle. Their way of handling this was to allow the book to be published, and then every once in a while when someone ordered a book (and paid for it), they all of a sudden cancelled the publication, sent me a note that they did so (not explaining why), and so forth. It took me 1-2 months of contact with their customer support to drag this simple “why” out of them, then another few weeks to actually find the reason for the problem. Then there was problems with the size of the cover (generated in their own webtools), etc. If you need help, you are better off by asking the netfilter mailing list which you can reach at netfilter at lists.netfilter.org. For more information on this, visit the netfilter mailinglist page. You may also contact the linuxsecurity mailing list at security-discuss AT linuxsecurity dotcom. Both are fairly large, and should be able to help you much much better than I can. Online full: http://www.frozentux.net/iptables-tutorial/iptables-tutorial.html Online capitole: http://www.frozentux.net/iptables-tutorial/chunkyhtml/ Sursa: Iptables-tutorial : Frozentux

Crypto Handouts [DIR] Parent Directory - [ ] angluin-yale-tr243.pdf 12-Sep-2004 14:33 338K [ ] block-ciphers-handout.pdf 28-Sep-2004 21:22 399K [ ] classical-ciphers-handout.pdf 19-Sep-2004 18:34 3.7M [ ] cryptanalysis-handout.pdf 19-Sep-2004 18:56 611K [ ] digital-signatures-DETAILED-handout.pdf 24-Nov-2004 16:10 687K [ ] digital-signatures-handout.pdf 22-Nov-2004 15:27 289K [ ] hash-functions-handout.pdf 29-Sep-2004 15:46 297K [ ] interactive-proofs-handout.pdf 08-Dec-2004 14:58 200K [ ] intro-handout.pdf 08-Sep-2004 07:30 167K [ ] macs-handout.pdf 11-Oct-2004 15:30 750K [ ] number-theory-1-handout.pdf 18-Oct-2004 13:32 477K [ ] number-theory-2-handout.pdf 27-Oct-2004 15:07 486K [ ] one-way-functions-handout.pdf 30-Nov-2004 15:10 253K [ ] perfect-secrecy-handout.pdf 22-Sep-2004 15:22 148K [ ] pke-handout.pdf 29-Oct-2004 17:05 390K [ ] probabilistic-encryption-handout.pdf 11-Nov-2004 10:55 418K [ ] probability-handout.pdf 29-Sep-2004 12:17 287K [ ] pseudo-random-bit-generators-handouts.pdf 22-Nov-2004 15:22 82K [ ] quantum-crypto-handout.pdf 30-Nov-2004 15:46 396K Download: www1.cs.columbia.edu/~zeph/4261/handouts/

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Ethiopian multiplication A method of multiplying integers using only addition, doubling, and halving. Method: Take two numbers to be multiplied and write them down at the top of two columns. In the left-hand column repeatedly halve the last number, discarding any remainders, and write the result below the last in the same column, until you write a value of 1. In the right-hand column repeatedly double the last number and write the result below. stop when you add a result in the same row as where the left hand column shows 1. Examine the table produced and discard any row where the value in the right column is even. Sum the values in the right-hand column that remain to produce the result of multiplying the original two numbers together In fine, nu asta e ideea. Ideea e ca acest algoritm e scris intr-o gramada de limbaje. Asa puteti vedea cum arata un cod scris intr-o multitudine de limbaje si poate o sa va placa unul si o sa il invatati. Link: http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Ethiopian_Multiplication

Version Control with Subversion The Standard in Open Source Version Control Version Control with Subversion Introduction This is the online home of Version Control with Subversion, a free book about Subversion, a new version control system designed to supplant CVS. As you may have guessed from the layout of this page, this book is published by O'Reilly Media. This is a place to read HTML and PDF versions of the book (although you can certainly buy a copy if you'd like to). We'll do our best to keep the site up-to-date. As Subversion development continues, the product will continue to grow new features, and we plan to continue documenting those changes. 2ND EDITION RELEASED: The second edition of Version Control with Subversion is now available for purchase! Order your physical copy today, or add the book to your virtual library using the Safari Books Online service. Download: http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.5/svn-book.pdf Sursa: Version Control with Subversion

The Scheme Programming Language Fourth Edition R. Kent Dybvig Illustrations by Jean-Pierre Hébert Table of Contents * Preface * Chapter 1. Introduction o Section 1.1. Scheme Syntax o Section 1.2. Scheme Naming Conventions o Section 1.3. Typographical and Notational Conventions * Chapter 2. Getting Started o Section 2.1. Interacting with Scheme o Section 2.2. Simple Expressions o Section 2.3. Evaluating Scheme Expressions o Section 2.4. Variables and Let Expressions o Section 2.5. Lambda Expressions o Section 2.6. Top-Level Definitions o Section 2.7. Conditional Expressions o Section 2.8. Simple Recursion o Section 2.9. Assignment * Chapter 3. Going Further o Section 3.1. Syntactic Extension o Section 3.2. More Recursion o Section 3.3. Continuations o Section 3.4. Continuation Passing Style o Section 3.5. Internal Definitions o Section 3.6. Libraries * Chapter 4. Procedures and Variable Bindings o Section 4.1. Variable References o Section 4.2. Lambda o Section 4.3. Case-Lambda o Section 4.4. Local Binding o Section 4.5. Multiple Values o Section 4.6. Variable Definitions o Section 4.7. Assignment * Chapter 5. Control Operations o Section 5.1. Procedure Application o Section 5.2. Sequencing o Section 5.3. Conditionals o Section 5.4. Recursion and Iteration o Section 5.5. Mapping and Folding o Section 5.6. Continuations o Section 5.7. Delayed Evaluation o Section 5.8. Multiple Values o Section 5.9. Eval * Chapter 6. Operations on Objects o Section 6.1. Constants and Quotation o Section 6.2. Generic Equivalence and Type Predicates o Section 6.3. Lists and Pairs o Section 6.4. Numbers o Section 6.5. Fixnums o Section 6.6. Flonums o Section 6.7. Characters o Section 6.8. Strings o Section 6.9. Vectors o Section 6.10. Bytevectors o Section 6.11. Symbols o Section 6.12. Booleans o Section 6.13. Hashtables o Section 6.14. Enumerations * Chapter 7. Input and Output o Section 7.1. Transcoders o Section 7.2. Opening Files o Section 7.3. Standard Ports o Section 7.4. String and Bytevector Ports o Section 7.5. Opening Custom Ports o Section 7.6. Port Operations o Section 7.7. Input Operations o Section 7.8. Output Operations o Section 7.9. Convenience I/O o Section 7.10. Filesystem Operations o Section 7.11. Bytevector/String Conversions * Chapter 8. Syntactic Extension o Section 8.1. Keyword Bindings o Section 8.2. Syntax-Rules Transformers o Section 8.3. Syntax-Case Transformers o Section 8.4. Examples * Chapter 9. Records o Section 9.1. Defining Records o Section 9.2. Procedural Interface o Section 9.3. Inspection * Chapter 10. Libraries and Top-Level Programs o Section 10.1. Standard Libraries o Section 10.2. Defining New Libraries o Section 10.3. Top-Level Programs o Section 10.4. Examples * Chapter 11. Exceptions and Conditions o Section 11.1. Raising and Handling Exceptions o Section 11.2. Defining Condition Types o Section 11.3. Standard Condition Types * Chapter 12. Extended Examples o Section 12.1. Matrix and Vector Multiplication o Section 12.2. Sorting o Section 12.3. A Set Constructor o Section 12.4. Word Frequency Counting o Section 12.5. Scheme Printer o Section 12.6. Formatted Output o Section 12.7. A Meta-Circular Interpreter for Scheme o Section 12.8. Defining Abstract Objects o Section 12.9. Fast Fourier Transform o Section 12.10. A Unification Algorithm o Section 12.11. Multitasking with Engines * References * Answers to Selected Exercises * Formal Syntax * Summary of Forms * Index Online: http://www.scheme.com/tspl4/

Programming Scala Dean Wampler Object Mentor, Inc. <dean@deanwampler.com> Alex Payne Twitter, Inc. <alex@al3x.net> Copyright © 2008 O’Reilly Media This work has been released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial. Abstract Programming Scala introduces an exciting new language that offers all the benefits of a modern object model, functional programming, and an advanced type system. Packed with code examples, this comprehensive book teaches you how to be productive with Scala quickly, and explains what makes this language ideal for today's highly scalable, component-based applications that support concurrency and distribution. You'll also learn the advantages that Scala offers as a language for the Java Virtual Machine. Learn more at programmingscala.com or at the book's catalog page. Preface Welcome to Programming Scala Conventions Used in This Book Using Code Examples Getting the Code Examples Safari® Books Online How to Contact Us Acknowledgements 1. Zero to Sixty: Introducing Scala Why Scala? If You Are a Java Programmer… If You Are a Ruby, Python, etc. Programmer… Introducing Scala The Seductions of Scala Installing Scala For More Information A Taste of Scala A Taste of Concurrency Recap and What’s Next 2. Type Less, Do More In This Chapter Semicolons Variable Declarations Method Declarations Method Default and Named Arguments (Scala Version 2.8) Nesting Method Definitions Inferring Type Information Literals Integer Literals Floating Point Literals Boolean Literals Character Literals String Literals Symbol Literals Tuples Option, Some, and None: Avoiding nulls Organizing Code in Files and Namespaces Importing Types and Their Members Imports are Relative Abstract Types And Parameterized Types Reserved Words Recap and What’s Next 3. Rounding Out the Essentials Operator? Operator? Syntactic Sugar Methods Without Parentheses and Dots Precedence Rules Domain-Specific Languages Scala if Statements Scala for Comprehensions A Dog-Simple Example Filtering Yielding Expanded Scope Other Looping Constructs Scala while Loops Scala do-while Loops Generator Expressions Conditional Operators Pattern Matching A Simple Match Variables in Matches Matching on Type Matching on Sequences Matching on Tuples (and Guards) Matching on Case Classes Matching on Regular Expressions Binding Nested Variables in Case Clauses Using try, catch, and finally Clauses Concluding Remarks on Pattern Matching Enumerations Recap and What’s Next 4. Traits Introducing Traits Traits as Mixins Stackable Traits Constructing Traits Class or Trait? Recap and What’s Next 5. Basic Object-Oriented Programming in Scala Class and Object Basics Parent Classes Constructors in Scala Calling Parent Class Constructors Nested Classes Visibility Rules Public Visibility Protected Visibility Private Visibility Scoped Private and Protected Visibility Final Thoughts on Visibility Recap and What’s Next 6. Advanced Object-Oriented Programming In Scala Overriding Members of Classes and Traits Attempting to Override final Declarations Overriding Abstract and Concrete Methods Overriding Abstract and Concrete Fields Overriding Abstract and Concrete Fields in Traits Overriding Abstract and Concrete Fields in Classes Overriding Abstract Types When Accessor Methods and Fields Are Indistinguishable: The Uniform Access Principle Companion Objects Apply Unapply Apply and UnapplySeq for Collections Companion Objects and Java Static Methods Case Classes Syntactic Sugar for Binary Operations The copy Method in Scala Version 2.8 Case Class Inheritance Equality of Objects The equals Method The == and != Methods The ne and eq Methods Array Equality and the sameElements Method Recap and What’s Next 7. The Scala Object System The Predef Object Classes and Objects: Where Are the Statics? Package Objects Sealed Class Hierarchies The Scala Type Hierarchy Linearization of an Object’s Hierarchy Recap and What’s Next 8. Functional Programming in Scala What Is Functional Programming? Functions in Mathematics Variables that Aren’t Functional Programming in Scala Function Literals and Closures Purity Inside vs. Outside Recursion Tail Calls and Tail-Call Optimization Trampoline for Tail Calls Functional Data Structures Lists in Functional Programming Maps in Functional Programming Sets in Functional Programming Other Data Structures in Functional Programming Traversing, Mapping, Filtering, Folding, and Reducing Traversal Mapping Filtering Folding and Reducing Functional Options Pattern Matching Partial Functions Currying Implicits Implicit Conversions Implicit Function Parameters Final Thoughts on Implicits Call by Name, Call by Value Lazy Vals Recap: Functional Component Abstractions 9. Robust, Scalable Concurrency with Actors The Problems of Shared, Synchronized State Actors Actors in Abstract Actors in Scala Sending Messages to Actors The Mailbox Actors in Depth Effective Actors Traditional Concurrency in Scala: Threading and Events One-Off Threads Using java.util.concurrent Events Recap and What’s Next 10. Herding XML in Scala Reading XML Exploring XML Looping & Matching XML Writing XML A Real-World Example Recap and What’s Next 11. Domain-Specific Languages in Scala Internal DSLs A Payroll Internal DSL Infix Operator Notation Implicit Conversions and User Defined Types Apply Methods Payroll Rules DSL Implementation Internal DSLs: Final Thoughts External DSLs with Parser Combinators About Parser Combinators A Payroll External DSL A Scala Implementation of the External DSL Grammar Generating Paychecks with the External DSL Internal vs. External DSLs: Final Thoughts Recap and What’s Next 12. The Scala Type System Reflecting on Types Understanding Parameterized Types Manifests Parameterized Methods Variance Under Inheritance Variance of Mutable Types Variance In Scala vs. Java Implementation Notes Type Bounds Upper Type Bounds Lower Type Bounds A Closer Look at Lists Views and View Bounds Nothing and Null Understanding Abstract Types Parameterized Types vs. Abstract Types Path-Dependent Types C.this C.super path.x Value Types Type Designators Tuples Parameterized Types Annotated Types Compound Types Infix Types Function Types Type Projections Singleton Types Self Type Annotations Structural Types Existential Types Infinite Data Structures and Laziness Recap and What’s Next 13. Application Design Annotations Enumerations vs. Pattern Matching Thoughts On Annotations and Enumerations Enumerations vs. Case Classes and Pattern Matching Using Nulls vs. Options Options and For Comprehensions Exceptions and the Alternatives Scalable Abstractions Fine-Grained Visibility Rules Mixin Composition Self-Type Annotations and Abstract Type Members Effective Design of Traits Design Patterns The Visitor Pattern: A Better Alternative Dependency Injection in Scala: The Cake Pattern Better Design with Design By Contract Recap and What’s Next 14. Scala Tools, Libraries and IDE Support Command Line Tools scalac Command Line Tool The scala Command Line Tool The scalap, javap, and jad Command Line Tools The scaladoc Command Line Tool The sbaz Command Line Tool The fsc Command Line Tool Build Tools Integration with IDEs Eclipse IntelliJ NetBeans Text Editors Test-Driven Development in Scala ScalaTest Specs ScalaCheck Other Notable Scala Libraries and Tools Lift Scalaz Scalax MetaScala JavaRebel Miscellaneous Smaller Libraries Java Interoperability Java and Scala Generics Using Scala Functions in Java JavaBean Properties AnyVal Types and Java Primitives Scala Names in Java Code Java Library Interoperability AspectJ The Spring Framework Terracotta Hadoop Recap and What’s Next Glossary A. References Index Online: http://programming-scala.labs.oreilly.com/index.html

Ruby Best Practices We can all write better Ruby code Though we don't like to admit it, all hackers churn out bad code from time to time. But most coders worth their salt also have it in them to produce software that is truly elegant without sacrificing practicality. Because we value our craft, its important to know the difference between code that is agile, and code that is fragile. Ruby Best Practices aims to help Ruby developers from a wide range of skill levels improve their fundamental understanding of the language via exposure to the common practices and idioms that many seasoned Rubyists take for granted. With a strong emphasis on exploring real codebases, and an understanding that beautiful solutions depend heavily on context, this book lays out a clear road map to Ruby mastery for those who wish to pursue it. Download: http://sandal.github.com/rbp-book/pdfs/rbp_1-0.pdf Sursa: Ruby Best Practices - Book

Programming Ruby The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide Preface This book is a tutorial and reference for the Ruby programming language. Use Ruby, and you'll write better code, be more productive, and enjoy programming more. These are bold claims, but we think that after reading this book you'll agree with them. And we have the experience to back up this belief. As Pragmatic Programmers we've tried many, many languages in our search for tools to make our lives easier, for tools to help us do our jobs better. Until now, though, we'd always been frustrated by the languages we were using. Our job is to solve problems, not spoonfeed compilers, so we like dynamic languages that adapt to us, without arbitrary, rigid rules. We need clarity so we can communicate using our code. We value conciseness and the ability to express a requirement in code accurately and efficiently. The less code we write, the less that can go wrong. (And our wrists and fingers are thankful, too.) We want to be as productive as possible, so we want our code to run the first time; time spent in the debugger is time stolen from the development clock. It also helps if we can try out code as we edit it; if you have to wait for a 2-hour make cycle, you may as well be using punch cards and submitting your work for batch compilation. We want a language that works at a high level of abstraction. The higher level the language, the less time we spend translating our requirements into code. When we discovered Ruby, we realized that we'd found what we'd been looking for. More than any other language with which we have worked, Ruby stays out of your way. You can concentrate on solving the problem at hand, instead of struggling with compiler and language issues. That's how it can help you become a better programmer: by giving you the chance to spend your time creating solutions for your users, not for the compiler. Online: http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/

Learn Python The Hard Way This is the site for the book "Learn Python The Hard Way". The book is a very beginner book for people who want to learn to code. If you can already code then the book will probably drive you insane. It's intended for people who have no coding chops to build up their skills before starting a more detailed book. About The Book The book is very simple: * 52 exercises in all. * 26 cover just input/output, variables, and functions. * 26 cover logic (boolean algebra, if-statements, while-loops, etc.) Each exercise is one or two pages and follows the exact same format. You type each one in (no copy-paste!), make it run, do the extra credit, and then move on. If you get stuck, at least type it in and skip the extra credit for later. Download: http://learnpythonthehardway.org/static/LearnPythonTheHardWay.pdf

Python for Fun Purpose of this Collection This collection is a presentation of several small Python programs. They are aimed at intermediate programmers; people who have studied Python and are fairly comfortable with basic recursion and object oriented techniques. Each program is very short, never more than a couple of pages and accompanied with a write-up. I have found Python to be an excellent language to express algorithms clearly. Some of the ideas here originated in other programs in other languages. But in most cases I developed code from scratch from just an outline of an idea. However "Lisp in Python" was almost a translation exercise from John McCarthy's original "Evalquote in Lisp". From many years of programming these are some of my favorite programs. I hope you enjoy them as much as I do. I look forward to hearing from readers, especially folks with suggestions for improvements, ideas for new projects, or people who are doing similar things. You can email me at mailme.html Many thanks to Paul Carduner and Jeff Elkner for their work on this page, especially for Paul's graphic of "Psyltherin" (apologies to Harry Potter) and to the Twisted developement team for their Lore documentation generator to which all the other web pages in this collection have been recently adapted. Chris Meyers The Collection Items with a "*" have been recently added or updated * A Simple Video Game * Queues, Trees and Water Buckets * Towers of Hanoi * Animal Trees * Building a GUI with Tkinter * Using SQL with the GUI * Building a GUI with wxPython * Erlang for Python Programmers * * Erlang Concurrency: Logic Circuits revisted * * Forth in Python * * Lisp in Python * Prolog in Python (Introduction) * * Prolog in Python (Part 1) * * Prolog in Python (Part 2) * * Prolog in Python (Part 3) * * Squeezing Bits. Huffman Data Compression * * Natural Language Processing * Classic AI. Semantic Information Retrival * Unicode support in Python * Logic Circuits * Logic Circuits (more) * Simulator for Toy Computer * Assembler for Toy Computer * Compiler for Toy Computer * Using SQL with Python * Waves and Harmonics * Online: http://www.openbookproject.net/py4fun/

Think Python How to Think Like a Computer Scientist Version 1.1.24 Allen Downey Green Tea Press Needham, Massachusetts Download: http://www.greenteapress.com/thinkpython/thinkpython.pdf

Practical PostgreSQL John Worsley Command Prompt, Inc. Joshua Drake Command Prompt, Inc. Edited by Andrew Brookins Michael Holloway Copyright © 2001-2002 by Commandprompt, Inc Copyright © 2001 by Command Prompt, Inc. This material may be distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0 or later (the latest version is presently available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/). 'Distribution of substantively modified versions of this document is prohibited without the explicit permission of the copyright holder.' to the license reference or copy. 'Distribution of the work or derivative of the work in any standard (paper) book form is prohibited unless prior permission is obtained from the copyright holder.' to the license reference or copy. Although every reasonable effort has been made to incorporate accurate and useful information into this book, the copyright holders make no representation about the suitability of this book or the information therein for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without expressed or implied warranty. Table of Contents Preface Who Is the Intended Audience? Structure of This Book Platform and Version Used What Is Included on the CD? Conventions Used in This Book Acknowledgments Comments and Questions I. Introduction and Installation 1. What is PostgreSQL? Open Source Free Version PostgreSQL Feature Set Where to Proceed from Here 2. Installing PostgreSQL Preparing for Installation 10 Steps to Installing PostgreSQL II. Using PostgreSQL 3. Understanding SQL Introduction to SQL Introduction to Relational Databases SQL Statements Data Types Tables in PostgreSQL 4. Using SQL with PostgreSQL Introduction to psql Using Tables Adding Data with INSERT and COPY Retrieving Rows with SELECT Modifying Rows with UPDATE Removing Rows with DELETE Using Sub-Queries Using Views Further SQL Application 5. Operators and Functions Operators Functions 6. PostgreSQL Clients The psql Client: Advanced Topics PgAccess: A Graphical Client 7. Advanced Features Indices Advanced Table Techniques Arrays Automating Common Routines Transactions and Cursors Extending PostgreSQL III. Administrating PostgreSQL 8. Authentication and Encryption Client Authentication Encrypting sessions 9. Database Management Starting and Stopping PostgreSQL Initializing the Filesystem Creating and Removing a Database Maintaining a Database Backing Up and Restoring Data 10. User and Group Management Managing Users Managing Groups Granting Privileges IV. Programming with PostgreSQL 11. PL/pgSQL Adding PL/pgSQL to your Database Language Structure Using Variables Controlling Program Flow PL/pgSQL and Triggers 12. JDBC Building the PostgreSQL JDBC Driver Using the PostgreSQL Driver Using JDBC Issues Specific to PostgreSQL and JDBC 13. LXP Why Use LXP? Core Features Installing and Configuring LXP Understanding LXP Mark-Up LXP Variables and Objects Using Cookies with LXP Tag Parsing Branching Logic Loop Iteration Content Inclusion Displaying Foreign Tags with <xtag> V. PostgreSQL Command Reference 14. PostgreSQL Command Reference ABORT -- Rolls back changes made during a transaction block. ALTER GROUP -- Modifies the structure of a user group. ALTER TABLE -- Modifies table and column attributes. ALTER USER -- Modifies user properties and permissions. BEGIN -- Starts a chained-mode transaction block. CLOSE -- Closes a previously defined cursor object. CLUSTER -- Provides the backend server with clustering information about a table. COMMENT -- Adds a comment to an object within the database. COMMIT -- Ends the current transaction block and finalizes changes made within it. COPY -- Copies data between files and tables. CREATE AGGREGATE -- Defines a new aggregate function within the database. CREATE DATABASE -- Creates a new database in PostgreSQL. CREATE FUNCTION -- Defines a new function within the database. CREATE GROUP -- Creates a new PostgreSQL group within the database. CREATE INDEX -- Places an index on a table. CREATE LANGUAGE -- Defines a new language to be used by functions. CREATE OPERATOR -- Defines a new operator within the database. CREATE RULE -- Defines a new rule on a table. CREATE SEQUENCE -- Creates a new sequence number generator. CREATE TABLE -- Creates a new table. CREATE TABLE AS -- Creates a new table built from data retrieved by a SELECT. CREATE TRIGGER -- Creates a new trigger. CREATE TYPE -- Defines a new data type for use in the database. CREATE USER -- Creates a new PostgreSQL database user. CREATE VIEW -- Creates a view on a table. CURRENT_DATE -- Returns the current date. CURRENT_TIME -- Returns the current time. CURRENT_TIMESTAMP -- Returns the current date and time. CURRENT_USER -- Returns the current database username. DECLARE -- Defines a new cursor. DELETE -- Removes rows from a table. DROP AGGREGATE -- Removes an aggregate function from a database. DROP DATABASE -- Removes a database from the system. DROP FUNCTION -- Removes a user-defined function. DROP GROUP -- Removes a user group from the database. DROP INDEX -- Removes an index from a database. DROP LANGUAGE -- Removes a procedural language from a database. DROP OPERATOR -- Removes an operator from the database. DROP RULE -- Removes a rule from a database. DROP SEQUENCE -- Removes a sequence from a database. DROP TABLE -- Removes a table from a database. DROP TRIGGER -- Removes a trigger definition from a database. DROP TYPE -- Removes a type from the system catalogs. DROP USER -- Removes a PostgreSQL user. DROP VIEW -- Removes an existing view from a database. END -- Ends the current transaction block and finalizes its modifications. EXPLAIN -- Shows the statement execution plan for a supplied query. FETCH -- Retrieves rows from a cursor. GRANT -- Grants access privileges to a user, a group, or to all users in the database. INSERT -- Inserts new rows into a table. LISTEN -- Listen for a notification event. LOAD -- Dynamically loads object files into a database. LOCK -- Locks a table within a transaction. MOVE -- Repositions a cursor to another row. NOTIFY -- Signals all backends that are listening for the specified notify event. REINDEX -- Rebuilds indices on tables. RESET -- Restores runtime variables to their default settings. REVOKE -- Revokes access privileges from a user, a group, or all users. ROLLBACK -- Aborts the current transaction block and abandons any modifications it would have made. SELECT -- Retrieves rows from a table or view. SELECT INTO -- Construct a new table from the results of a SELECT. SET -- Set runtime variables. SET CONSTRAINTS -- Sets the constraint mode for the current transaction block. SET TRANSACTION -- Sets the transaction isolation level for the current transaction block. SHOW -- Displays the values of runtime variables. TRUNCATE -- Empties the contents of a table. UNLISTEN -- Stops the backend process from listening for a notification event. UPDATE -- Modifies the values of column data within a table. VACUUM -- Cleans and analyzes a database. VI. Appendixes A. Multibyte Encoding Types B. Backend Options for postgres C. Binary COPY Format The Header Tuples Trailer D. Internal psql Variables Online: http://www.commandprompt.com/ppbook/

Learn Prolog Now Learn Prolog Now! is an introductory course to programming in Prolog. The online version has been available since 2001, and now there is also a throughly revised version available in book form. We wanted to do two things with this course. First, we wanted to provide a text that was relatively self contained, a text that would permit someone with little or no knowledge of computing to pick up the basics of Prolog with the minimum of fuss. We also wanted the text to be clear enough to make it useful for self study. We believe that if you read the text, and do the associated exercises, you will gain a useful partial entry to the world of Prolog. But only a partial entry, and this brings us to our second point. We want to emphasize the practical aspects of Prolog. Prolog is something you do. You can't learn a programming language simply by reading about it, and if you really want to get the most out of this course, we strongly advise you to get hold of a Prolog interpreter (you'll find pointers to some nice ones on this website) and work through all the Practical Sessions that we provide. And of course, don't stop with what we provide. The more you program, the better you'll get.... We hope you enjoy the course. And whether you're using this book to teach yourself Prolog, or you're using it as the basis for teaching others, we would like to hear from you. Please send us any comments/corrections you have so that we can take them into account in later versions. Patrick Blackburn, Johan Bos and Kristina Striegnitz * Table of Contents * 1 Facts, Rules, and Queries * 2 Matching and Proof Search * 3 Recursion * 4 Lists * 5 Arithmetic * 6 More Lists * 7 Definite Clause Grammars * 8 More Definite Clause Grammars * 9 A Closer Look at Terms * 10 Cuts and Negation * 11 Database Manipulation and Collecting Solutions * 12 Working With Files Online: http://www.learnprolognow.org/

Master-PowerShell With Dr. Tobias Weltner # Chapter 1. The PowerShell Console Welcome to PowerShell! This chapter will introduce you to the PowerShell console and show you how to configure it, including font colors and sizes, editing and display options. # Chapter 2. Interactive PowerShell PowerShell has two faces: interactivity and script automation. In this chapter, you will first learn how to work with PowerShell interactively. Then, we will take a look at PowerShell scripts. # Chapter 3. Variables It is time to combine commands whenever a single PowerShell command can't solve your problem. One way of doing this is by using variables. PowerShell can store results of one command in a variable and then pass the variable to another command. In addition, variables are rich 'objects' and can do much more than simply store data. In this chapter, we'll explain what variables are and how you can use them to solve complex problems. # Chapter 4. Arrays and Hashtables No matter how many results a command returns, you can always store the results in a variable because of a clever trick. PowerShell automatically wraps results into an array when there is more than one result. In this chapter, you'll learn how arrays work. You'll also discover a special type of array, a hash table. While normal arrays use a numeric index to access their elements, hash tables use key-value-pairs. # Chapter 5. The PowerShell Pipeline The PowerShell pipeline chains together a number of commands similar to a production assembly. So, one command hands over its result to the next, and at the end, you receive the result. # Chapter 6. Using Objects PowerShell always works with objects. Whenever you output objects into the PowerShell console, PowerShell automatically converts the rich objects into readable text. In this chapter, you will learn what objects are and how to get your hands on PowerShell objects before they get converted to simple text. # Chapter 7. Conditions You'll need a condition first to compose intelligent PowerShell code capable of making decisions. That's why you'll learn in the first part of this Chapter how to formulate questions as conditions. In the second part, you'll employ conditions to execute PowerShell instructions only if a particular condition is actually met. # Chapter 8. Loops Loops are a good example that iterations do not have to be boring. They repeat particular PowerShell statements with the pipeline being one of the areas where you can benefit from loops. Most PowerShell commands wrap their results in arrays, and you'll need a loop when you want to examine single elements in an array more closely. # Chapter 9. Functions PowerShell has the purpose of solving problems, and the smallest tool it comes equipped with for this is commands. By now you should be able to appreciate the great diversity of the PowerShell command repertoire: in the first two chapters, you already learned how to use the built-in PowerShell commands called cmdlets, as well as innumerable external commands, such as ping or ipconfig. In Chapter 6, the objects of the .NET framework, API calls, and COM component statements were added, providing you with a powerful arsenal of commands. In Chapters 3-5, command chains forged out of these countless single commands combined statements either by using variables or the PowerShell pipeline. The next highest level of automation is functions, which are self-defined commands that internally use all of the PowerShell mechanisms you already know, including the loops and conditions covered in the last two chapters. You can also use functions to get the better of the more complex problems that consist of many separate instructions and sequences. # Chapter 10. Scripts PowerShell scripts function like batch files in the traditional console: scripts are text files that can include any PowerShell code. If you run a PowerShell script, PowerShell will read the instructions in it, and then execute them. As a result, scripts are ideal for complex automation tasks. In this chapter, you'll learn how to create and execute scripts. PowerShell makes certain requirements mandatory for their execution because scripts can contain potentially dangerous statements. Depending on the security setting and storage location, scripts must have a digital signature or be specified with their absolute or relative path names. These security aspects will also be covered in this chapter. # Chapter 11. Finding and Avoiding Errors The more complex your commands, pipelines, functions, or scripts become, the more often that errors can creep in. PowerShell has its own remedies for finding and correcting errors at various levels of complexity. In simple cases, use "what-if" scenarios to check whether a command or a pipeline is really doing what you expect it to do. With the help of such scenarios, you can simulate the result of commands without actually executing the commands. You can permit commands to do their work only after you're convinced that the commands will function flawlessly. If you've written your own functions or scripts, PowerShell can also step through the code and halt its execution at locations called breakpoints, which allow you to examine functions or scripts more closely at these locations. You can verify whether variables actually do contain an expected result. Moreover, PowerShell offers you the option of integrating debugging messages into functions or scripts. This enables your code to output progress reports to you at key locations when your code is in the development stage. # Chapter 12. Command Discovery and Scriptblocks In previous chapters you learned step by step how to use various PowerShell command types and mechanisms. After 11 chapters, we have reached the end of the list. You'll now put together everything you've seen. All of it can actually be reduced to just two PowerShell basic principles: command discovery and scriptblocks. The purpose of this chapter is to tie up the many loose ends of previous chapters and to weave them into a larger whole: the basics are complete and the remaining chapters will put the knowledge gained to the test of daily tasks. # Chapter 13. Text and Regular Expressions PowerShell distinguishes sharply between text in single quotation marks and text in double quotation marks. PowerShell won't modify text wrapped in single quotation marks but it does inspect text in single quotation marks and may modify it by inserting variable contents automatically. Enclosing text in double quotation marks is the foremost and easiest way to couple results and descriptions. The formatting operator -f, one of many specialized string operators, offers more options. For example, you can use -f to output text column-by-column and to set it flush. Other string commands are also important. They can replace selected text, change case, and much more. Pattern recognition adds a layer of complexity because it uses wildcard characters to match patterns. In simple cases, you can use the same wildcards that you use in the file system. Substantially more powerful, but also more complex, are regular expressions. # Chapter 14. XML Raw information used to be stored in comma-separated lists or .ini files, but for some years the XML standard has prevailed. XML is an acronym for Extensible Markup Language and is a descriptive language for any structured information. In the past, handling XML was difficult, but PowerShell now has excellent XML support. With its help, you can comfortably wrap data in XML as well as read existing XML files. # Chapter 15. The File System The file system has special importance within the PowerShell console. One obvious reason is that administrators perform many tasks that involve the file system. Another is that the file system is the prototype of a hierarchically structured information system. In coming chapters, you'll see that PowerShell controls other hierarchical information systems on this basis. You can easily apply what you have learned about drives, directories, and files in PowerShell to other areas, including the registry or Microsoft Exchange. # Chapter 16. The Registry You can navigate the Windows registry just as you would the file system because PowerShell treats the file system concept discussed in Chapter 15 as a prototype for all hierarchical information systems. # Chapter 17. Processes, Services, Event Logs In your daily work as an administrator, you often have to deal with programs (processes), services, and innumerable entries in event logs so this is a good opportunity to put into practice the basic knowledge you gained from the first 12 chapters. The examples and topics covered in this chapter are meant to give you an idea of the full range of options. In the course of your reading, you will no doubt rack your brains occasionally and find yourself flipping back pages to the introductory chapters. What's really astonishing are the many and diverse options you have in using the PowerShell pipeline (as discussed in Chapter 5) and associated formatting cmdlets to wring out every last bit of data from pipeline objects. What was just dry theory in Chapter 5 will now become very interesting in the following. # Chapter 18. WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation It might have escaped your attention, but the Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) service introduced with Windows 2000 has been part of every Windows version since then. The WMI service is important because it can retrieve information about nearly every aspect of your system and can even make some modifications. However, it would be beyond the scope of this book to go into WMI in greater depth because that alone could fill another volume. For this reason, we will focus on how the WMI service basically works and how PowerShell handles it. # Chapter 19. User Management For many administrators, managing users is an important part of their work. PowerShell v1 does not contain any cmdlets to manage users. However, you can add them from third-party vendors. But if you do not want any dependencies on third-party tools and snap-ins, you will learn in this chapter how to use native .NET framework methods for user management. # Chapter 20. Your Own Cmdlets and Extensions Since PowerShell is layered on the .NET framework, you already know from Chapter 6 how you can use .NET code in PowerShell to make up for missing functions. In this chapter, we'll take up this idea once again. You'll learn about the options PowerShell has for creating command extensions on the basis of the .NET framework. You should be able to even create your own cmdlets at the end of this chapter. # Administrator's Guide to Powershell Remoting This paper explains how to set up and run Windows PowerShell Remoting which is a new feature in Windows PowerShell 2.0 and allows you to run Windows PowerShell commands and scripts remotely. So, before moving on, make sure you have Windows PowerShell 2.0 RTM on your machines. Download: http://powershell.com/Mastering-PowerShell.pdf Sursa: Master-PowerShell | With Dr. Tobias Weltner - Powershell.com

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Survive The Deep End: Zend Framework Welcome to Surviving The Deep End, a free book about Zend Framework for the PHP programming language. The book was written to guide readers through the metaphorical "Deep End". It's the place you find yourself in when you complete a few tutorials and scan through the Reference Guide, where you are buried in knowledge up to your neck but without a clue about how to bind it all together effectively into an application. This take on the Zend Framework offers a survival guide, boosting your understanding of the framework and how it all fits together by following the development of a single application from start to finish. I'll even throw in a few bad jokes for free. The book is a work in progress and will soon be available to read online or download and print as PDF. In fact, every individual chapter can be downloaded individually or read online as soon as it's published. There will be no final version of the book - it's not like Zend will cease releasing new Zend Framework versions tomorrow! There will be a print edition in the near future when I figure out how that should work. Surviving The Deep End is a free book. I rely on guilt, extortion, bad jokes, and teary eyed pleas for assistance to raise donations. That and Google ads on every page. Donations will be used to pay for the server (we're hosted on Slicehost) and the next Macbook Pro I intend purchasing later this year. To keep up to date on the book's progress please visit or subscribe to my blog or follow TheDeepEnd on Twitter. Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1.1. The Zend Framework 1.2. About This Book 1.2.1. Obtaining The Source Code For Chapters 1.3. Me, Me, Me! 1.4. You, You, You! 2. The Architecture of Zend Framework Applications 2.1. Introduction 2.2. The Model-View-Controller 2.2.1. The View 2.2.2. The Controller 2.2.3. The Model 2.3. In Review 2.4. Conclusion 3. The Model 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Clarifying The Model 3.3. In Programming, Fat Models Are Preferable To Size Zero Models 3.4. The Fat Stupid Ugly Controller 3.5. Controllers Are Not The Data Police 3.6. Conclusion 4. Installing The Zend Framework 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Before You Install The Framework 4.3. Getting The Zend Framework 4.3.1. Download As Compressed Archive File 4.3.2. Checkout From Subversion 4.3.3. Download As A Linux Distribution Package 4.3.4. Nightly Build Download 4.4. Post Installation 5. A Not So Simple Hello World Tutorial 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Step 1: Creating A New Local Domain 5.3. Step 2: Creating A Project Directory Structure 5.4. Step 3: Implement Application Bootstrapping 5.5. Step 4: The Only Way In, The Index File 5.6. Step 5: Adding A Default Controller and View 5.7. Conclusion 6. Standardise The Bootstrap Class With Zend_Application 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Step 1: Editing the ZFExt_Bootstrap Class 6.3. Step 2: Editing The Index and htaccess Files 6.4. Step 3: Adding The Application Configuration File 6.5. Step 4: Handling Setting Of Standard Component Defaults 6.6. Step 5: Fixing ZFExt_Bootstrap 6.7. Step 6: Integrating Application Configuration Into Resource Methods 6.8. Step 7: Optimising Autoloading Code 6.9. Allowing Zend_Loader_Autoload Load Namespaced Classes 6.10. Conclusion 7. Handling Application Errors Gracefully 7.1. Introduction 7.2. The ErrorController and Error View 7.3. Well, That Didn't Work... 7.4. Not All Errors Are Equal 7.5. Conclusion 8. Developing A Blogging Application 8.1. Introduction 8.2. Planning 8.3. Incremental Development and YAGNI 8.4. Checking Our Toolbox 8.5. This Is Not The Reference Guide 9. Implementing The Domain Model: Entries and Authors 9.1. Introduction 9.2. The Domain Model and Database Access Patterns 9.3. Exploring The Domain Objects 9.4. Exploring The Entry Data Mapper 9.5. Assessing Implementation Tools 9.5.1. Domain Objects 9.5.2. Validation And Filtering Rules 9.5.3. Database Access 9.6. Implementation 9.6.1. Adding Unit Tests For Execution 9.6.2. The Domain Objects 9.6.3. The Data Mappers 9.6.4. Lazy Loading Domain Objects 9.6.5. Preventing Duplicate Entities With An Identity Map 9.7. Conclusion 10. Setting The Design With Zend_View, Zend_Layout, HTML 5 and Yahoo! User Interface Library 10.1. Introduction 10.2. Zend_View: Object Oriented Templating 10.2.1. Layouts 10.2.2. Partials 10.2.3. View Helpers 10.2.4. Placeholders 10.2.5. Short Tags vs Full Tags 10.3. The ZFBlog Application Setup 10.4. Creating An Index Page With HTML 5 10.5. Extracting Static Markup Into A Layout 10.6. Replacing Changeable Elements With Placeholders 10.7. Improving HTML 5 Support With Custom View Helpers 10.8. Adding A Link To A Custom Stylesheet 10.9. Customising The Style 10.10. Conclusion A. Creating A Local Domain Using Apache Virtual Hosts A.1. Introduction A.2. Configuring Apache With Virtual Hosts A.3. Configuring Local HOSTS File A.4. Conclusion B. Performance Optimisation For Zend Framework Applications B.1. Introduction B.2. Avoid Premature Optimisation B.3. Measuring Performance B.3.1. Memory and CPU Measurement B.3.2. Requests Per Second B.4. Pinpointing The Cause Of Poor Performance B.4.1. Code Profiling B.4.2. Database Operations Analysis B.5. General PHP Optimisation B.5.1. Opcode Caching B.5.2. Realpath Cache B.6. General Zend Framework Optimisation B.6.1. Class Loading Optimisation B.6.2. Configuring Default Caches B.6.3. Cache At The Right Level B.6.4. Minimising Include Paths B.7. HTTP Server Optimisation B.7.1. Optimising Apache's Configuration B.7.2. Avoiding Apache Completely B.8. Conclusion C. Copyright Information C.1. Copyright C.2. Licensing Online: http://www.survivethedeepend.com/zendframeworkbook/en/1.0